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on the frontier towards

  • 1 πρός

    πρός, Prep., expressing direction,
    A on the side of, in the direction of, hence c. gen., dat., and acc., from, at, to: [dialect] Ep. also [full] προτί and [full] ποτί, in Hom. usually c. acc., more rarely c. dat., and each only once c. gen., Il.11.831, 22.198:—dialectal forms: [dialect] Dor.[full] ποτί (q. v.) and [full] ποί, but Cret. [full] πορτί Leg.Gort.5.44, etc., Argive [full] προτ( [full] ί) Schwyzer 84.3 (found at Tylisus, V B.C.), restored in Mnemos.57.208(Argos, vi B.C.), and in Alcm.30; Arc., Cypr. [full] πός SIG306.11 (Tegea, iv B.C.), Inscr.Cypr. 135.19H., also sts. in Asia Minor in compds., v. ποσάγω, ποσφέρω; [dialect] Aeol. [full] πρός Sapph.69 ([etym.] προς-), 109, Alc.20 (s. v.l.); [full] πρές Jo.Gramm. Comp.3.10; Pamphylian περτ ([etym.] ί) Schwyzer 686.7, 686a4. (With [full] προτί, [full] πρός cf. Skt. práti 'towards, near to, against, back, etc.', Slav. protiv[ucaron], Lett. pret 'against', Lat. pretium: [full] ποτί (q. v.) and [full] πός are not cogn.) A. WITH GEN., πρός refers to that from which something comes:
    I of Place, from,

    ἵκετο ἠὲ π. ἠοίων ἦ ἑσπερίων ἀνθρώπων Od. 8.29

    ;

    τὸν π. Σάρδεων ἤλεκτρον S.Ant. 1037

     (v.l.).
    2 on the side of, towards, νήσοισι πρὸς Ἤλιδος towards Elis, Od.21.347; π. ἁλός, π. Θύμβρης, Il.10.428, 430;

    εἶναι π. θαλάσσης Hdt.2.154

    ;

    ἱδρῦσθαι π. τοῦ Ἑλλησπόντου Id.8.120

    ;

    ἐστρατοπεδεύοντο π. Ὀλύνθου Th.1.62

    , etc.; φυλακαὶ π. Αἰθιόπων, π. Ἀραβίων, π. Διβύης, on the frontier towards the Ethiopians, etc., Hdt.2.30: freq. with words denoting the points of the compass, δύω θύραι εἰσίν, αἱ μὲν π. βορέαο, αἱ δ' αὖ π. νότου one on the north side, the other on the south side, Od.13.110;

    οἰκέουσι π. νότου ἀνέμου Hdt.3.101

    ; π. ἄρκτου τε καὶ βορέω ἀνέμου κατοικημένοι ib. 102; π. μεσαμβρίης ib. 107; π. τοῦ Τμώλου τετραμμένον τῆς πόλιος (in such phrases the acc. is more common) Id.1.84;

    π. Πλαταιῶν Th. 3.21

    ;

    π. Νεμέας Id.5.59

    ; ἀπὸ τῆσδε τῆς ὁδοῦ τὸ π. τοῦ λιμένος ἅπαν everything on the harbour- ward side of this road, IG12.892: combined with π. c. acc.,

    π. ἠῶ τε καὶ τοῦ Τανάϊδος Hdt.4.122

    ;

    τὸν μέν π. βορέω ἑστεῶτα, τὸν δὲ π. νότον Id.2.121

    , cf. 4.17.
    3 before, in presence of,

    μάρτυροι ἔστων π. τε θεῶν μακάρων π. τε θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων Il.1.339

    ;

    οὐδ' ἐπιορκήσω π. δαίμονος 19.188

    ; ποίτοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος .. ὑπίσχομαι prob. in IG22.1126.7 (Amphict. Delph., iv B. C.); ὑποσχομένους πρὸς τοῦ Διός ib.1237.16: hence,
    b in the eyes of,

    ἄδικον οὐδὲν οὔτε π. θεῶν οὔτε π. ἀνθρώπων Th.1.71

    , cf. X.An.1.6.6, etc.; ὅσιος π. θεῶν Lex ap.And.1.97; κατειπάτω.. ἁγνῶς π. τοῦ θεοῦ if he wishes to be pure in the sight of the god, SIG986.9, cf. 17 (Chios, v/iv B. C.);

    ὁ γὰρ καιρὸς π. ἀνθρώπων βραχὺ μέτρον ἔχει Pi.P.4.286

    .
    4 in supplication or adjuration, before, and so, in the name of,

    σε.. γουνάζομαι.. π. τ' ἀλόχου καὶ πατρός Od.11.67

    ;

    π. θεῶν πατρῴων S.Ant. 839

     (lyr.), etc.; ἱκετεύω, ἀντιβολῶ π. παίδων, π. γυναικῶν, etc., D.28.20, etc.: the verb is freq. omitted with π. θεῶν or τῶν θεῶν, E.Hec. 551, S.OT 1037, Ar.V. 760;

    π. τοῦ Διός Id.Av. 130

    : less freq. with other words,

    π. τῆς ἑστίας E.Fr.953.39

    ;

    π. Χαρίτων Luc.Hist.Conscr.14

    ;

    μὴ π. γενείου S.El. 1208

    ;

    μὴ π. ξενίας τᾶς σᾶς Id.OC 515

     (lyr.): sts. in questions, π. θεῶν, τίς οὕτως εὐήθης ἐστίν; in heaven's name, D.1.15;

    π. τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς.. ; Din.1.45

    ;

    ἆρ' οὖν, ὦ π. Διός,.. ; Pl.R. 459a

    , cf. Ap. 26e: sts. in Trag. with the pron. σε between prep. and case,

    π. νύν σε πατρὸς π. τε μητρός.. ἱκνοῦμαι S.Ph. 468

    ;

    μὴ π. σε γονάτων E.Med. 324

    .
    5 of origin or descent, from, on the side of, γένος ἐξ Ἁλικαρνησσοῦ τὰ π. πατρός by the father's side, Hdt.7.99;

    Ἀθηναῖον.. καὶ τὰ π. πατρὸς καὶ τὰ π. μητρός D.57.17

    , cf. Isoc.3.42, SIG1015.7 (Halic.); πρόγονοι ἢ π. ἀνδρῶν ἢ γυναικῶν in the male or female line, Pl.Tht. 173d;

    ὁ πατὴρ π. μὲν ἀνδρῶν ἦν τῶν Εὐπατριδῶν Isoc.16.25

    ;

    οἱ συγγενεῖς τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ π. ἀνδρῶν καὶ π. γυναικῶν D.57.23

    ; οἱ π. αἵματος blood-relations, S.Aj. 1305;

    ἢ φίλων τις ἢ π. αἵματος φύσιν Id.El. 1125

    .
    II of effects proceeding from what cause soever:
    1 from, at the hand of, with Verbs of having, receiving, etc.,

    ὡς ἂν.. τιμὴν καὶ κῦδος ἄρηαι π. πάντων Δαναῶν Il.16.85

    , cf. 1.160, etc.;

    τιμὴν π. Ζηνὸς ἔχοντες Od.11.302

    ;

    δίδοι οἱ.. χάριν ποτ' ἀστῶν καὶ ποτὶ ξείνων Pi.O.7.90

    ;

    ἄνθεα τιμῆς πρὸς θνητῶν ἀνελέσθαι Emp.4.7

    ;

    φυλακῆς π. δήμου κυρῆσαι Hdt.1.59

    ;

    τυχεῖν τινος π. θεῶν A.Th. 550

    , cf. S.Aj. 527;

    λαχὼν π. δαιμόνων ὄλβον Pi.N.9.45

    ;

    κακόν τι π. θεῶν ἢ π. ἀνθρώπων λαβεῖν Hdt.2.139

    , etc.;

    μανθάνειν π. ἀστῶν S.OC13

    : with passive Verbs, προτὶ Ἀχιλλῆος δεδιδάχθαι to have been taught by.., Il.11.831, cf. S.OT 357;

    ἄριστα πεποίηται.. πρὸς Τρώων Il.6.57

    ; αἴσχε' ἀκούω π. Τρώων ib. 525, cf. Heraclit.79;

    ταῦτα.. π. τούτου κλύειν S.OT 429

    ;

    οὐ λέγεται π. οὐδαμῶν Hdt.1.47

    ; ἀτιμάζεσθαι, τετιμῆσθαι π. τινῶν, ib.61,2.75; also

    λόγου οὐδενὸς γίνεσθαι π. τινῶν Id.1.120

    ; παθεῖν τι π. τινός at the hand of, ib.73;

    π. ἀλλήλοιν θανεῖν E. Ph. 1269

    , cf. S.OT 1237; π. τῆς τύχης ὄλωλεν ib. 949;

    τὸ ποιεύμενον π. τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων Hdt.7.209

    ;

    αἰτηθέντες π. τινὸς χρήματα Id.8.111

    ;

    ἱμέρου βέλει π. σοῦ τέθαλπται A.Pr. 650

    : with an Adj. or Subst.,

    τιμήεσσα π. πόσιος Od.18.162

    ;

    ἐπίφθονος π. τῶν πλεόνων ἀνθρώπων Hdt.7.139

    ;

    ἔρημος π. φίλων S.Ant. 919

    ;

    ἀπαθὴς π. ἀστῶν Pi.P.4.297

    ;

    πειθὼ π. τινός S.El. 562

    ;

    π. Τρώων.. κλέος εἶναι Il.22.514

    ; ἄρκεσις π. ἀνδρός, δόξα π. ἀνθρώπων, S.OC73, E.Heracl. 624 (lyr.);

    ἐλίπετο ἀθάνατον μνήμην π. Ἑλλησποντίων Hdt.4.144

    : with an Adv., οἶμαι γὰρ ἂν οὐκ ἀχαρίστως μοι ἔχειν οὔτε π. ὑμῶν οὔτε π. τῆς Ἑλλάδος I shall meet with no ingratitude at your hands, X.An.2.3.18, cf. Pl.R. 463d.
    2 of things, π. τίνος ποτ' αἰτίας [τέθνηκεν]; from of by what cause? S.OT 1236; π. ἀμπλακημάτων by or by reason of.., Id.Ant.51.
    III of dependence or close connexion: hence,
    1 dependent on one, under one's protection,

    π. Διός εἰσι ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε Od.6.207

    ,14.57; δικασπόλοι, οἵ τε θέμιστας π. Διὸς εἰρύαται by commission from him, Il.1.239; π. ἄλλης ἱστὸν ὑφαίνοις at the bidding of another, 6.456.
    2 on one's side, in one's favour, Hdt.1.75, 124, S.OT 1434, Tr. 479, etc.;

    π. τῶν ἐχόντων.. τὸν νόμον τίθης E.Alc. 57

    .
    IV of that which is derivable from: hence, agreeable to, becoming, like,

    τὰ τοιαῦτα ἔργα οὐ π. τοῦ ἅπαντος ἀνδρὸς νενόμικα γίνεσθαι, ἀλλὰπ. ψυχῆς τε ἀγαθῆς καὶ ῥώμης ἀνδρηΐης Hdt.7.153

    , cf.5.12; ἦ κάρτα π. γυναικὸς αἴρεσθαι κέαρ 'tis very like a woman, A.Ag. 592, cf. 1636;

    οὐ π. ἰατροῦ σοφοῦ θρηνεῖν ἐπῳδάς S.Aj. 581

    , cf. Ar.V. 369, E.Hel. 950, etc.;

    π. σοῦ ἐστι Id.HF 585

    , etc.;

    οὐκ ἦν π. τοῦ Κύρου τρόπου X.An. 1.2.11

    , etc.: of qualities, etc.,

    π. δυσσεβείας A.Ch. 704

    ; π. δίκης οὐδὲν τρέμων agreeably to justice, S.OT 1014, cf.El. 1211;

    οὐ π. τῆς ὑμετέρας δόξης Th.3.59

    ; ἐάν τι ἡμῖν π. λόγου ᾖ if it be at all to our purpose, Pl.Grg. 459c;

    εἰ τόδε π. τρόπου λέγω

     correctly,

    Id.R. 470c

    ; but π. τρόπου τι ὠνεῖσθαι buy at a reasonable price, Thphr.Char.30.12;

    τὰ γενήματα π. ἐλάσσονος τιμᾶς πωλῶν IG5(2).515.14

     ([place name] Lycosura); π. ἀγαθοῦ, π. κακοῦ τινί ἐστι or γίγνεται, it is to one's advantage or otherwise, Arist.Mu. 397a30, Arr.An.7.16.5, Hld.7.12; π. ἀτιμίας λαβεῖν τι to take a thing as an insult, regard it so, Plu.Cic.13;

    π. δέους λαβεῖν τι Id.Flam.7

    ; λαβεῖν τι π. ὀργῆς (v.l. ὀργήν) J.AJ8.1.3; μοι π. εὐκλείας γένοιτο ib. 18.7.7; τῷ δήμῳ π. αἰσχύνης ἂν ἦν, π. ὀνείδους ἂν ἦν τῇ πόλει, Lib.Decl.43.27,28.
    B WITH DAT., it expresses proximity, hard by, near, at,

    ποτὶ γαίῃ Od.8.190

    , 11.423;

    ποτὶ γούνασι Il.5.408

    ; ποτὶ δρυσίν among the oaks, 14.398 (nisi leg. περί)

    ; πρὸς ἄκμονι χαλκεύειν Pi.P.1.86

    ; ποτὶ γραμμᾷ στᾶσαί τινα ib.9.118; ἄγκυραν ποτὶ ναΐ κρημνάντων ib.4.24;

    δῆσαί τινα πρὸς φάραγγι A.Pr.15

    ;

    νεὼς καμούσης ποντίῳ π. κύματι Id.Th. 210

    ;

    π. μέσῃ ἀγορᾷ S.Tr. 371

    ;

    π. Ἀργείων στρατῷ Id.Aj.95

    ;

    π. πέδῳ κεῖται Id.OT 180

     (lyr.); θακεῖν π. ναοῖς ib.20, cf. A.Eu. 855;

    π. ἡλίου ναίουσι πηγαῖς Id.Pr. 808

    ;

    π. τῇ γῇ ναυμαχεῖν Th. 7.34

    ; ἐς μάχην καθίστασθαι π. (v.l. ὑπ')

    αὐτῇ τῇ πόλει Id.2.79

    ;

    τεῖχος π. τῇ θαλάσσῃ Id.3.105

    ;

    αἱ π. θαλάττῃ πόλεις X.HG4.8.1

    ; τὸ π. Αἰγίνῃ στράτευμα off Aegina, Th.1.105; Αίβυες οἱ π. Αἰγύπτῳ bordering on.., ib. 104; τὸ π. ποσί that which is close to the feet, before one, S.OT 130, etc.; θρηνεῖν ἐπῳδὰς π... πήματι over it, Id.Aj. 582; αἱ π. τῇ βάσει γωνίαι the angles at the base, Euc.1.5,al.;

    τὴν π. τῷ.. ιερῷ κρήνην IG22.338.13

    , cf. SIG1040.15 (Piraeus, iv B. C.), al.
    2 before, in the presence of, π. τοῖς θεσμοθέταις, π. τῷ διαιτητῇ λέγειν, D. 20.98,39.22;

    ὅσα π. τοῖς κριταῖς γέγονεν Id.21.18

    ;

    π. διαιτητῇ φεύγειν Id.22.28

    .
    3 with Verbs denoting motion towards a place, upon, against,

    ποτὶ δὲ σκῆπτρον βάλε γαίῃ Il.1.245

    , Od.2.80;

    με βάλῃ.. ποτὶ πέτρῃ 5.415

    , cf. 7.279, 9.284;

    νῆας ποτὶ σπιλάδεσσιν ἔαξαν 3.298

    , cf. 5.401; λιαζόμενον ποτὶ γαίῃ sinking on the ground, Il.20.420;

    ἴσχοντες πρὸς ταῖς πόλεσι Th.7.35

    .
    4 sts. with a notion of clinging closely, προτὶ οἷ λάβε clasped to him, Il.20.418;

    προτὶ οἷ εἷλε 21.507

    ;

    πρὸς ἀλλήλῃσιν ἔχονται Od.5.329

    ;

    προσπεπλασμένας.. π. ὄρεσι Hdt.3.111

    ; π. δμῳαῖσι κλίνομαι fall into the arms of.., S.Ant. 1189;

    π. τινί

     close to,

    Men. Epit. 204

    .
    II to express close engagement, at the point of,

    π. αὐτῷ γ' εἰμὶ τῷ δεινῷ λέγειν S.OT 1169

    ; engaged in or about,

    π. τῷ εἰρημένῳ λόγῳ ἦν Pl.Phd. 84c

    , cf. Phdr. 249c, 249d;

    ἂν π. τῷ σκοπεῖν.. γένησθε D.18.176

    ;

    ἀεὶ π. ᾧ εἴη ἔργῳ, τοῦτο ἔπραττεν X. HG4.8.22

    ; διατρίβειν or σχολάζειν π. τινί, Epicr.11.3 (anap.), Arist. Pol. 1308b36 (but

    π. ταῦτα ἐσχόλασα X.Mem.3.6.6

    );

    ὅλος εἶναι π. τῷ λήμματι D.19.127

    ;

    π. τῇ ἀνάγκῃ ταύτῃ γίγνεσθαι Aeschin.1.74

    ; τὴν διάνοιαν, τὴν γνώμην ἔχειν π. τινί, Pl.R. 500b, Aeschin.3.192; κατατάξαι αὐτὸν π. γράμμασιν, i.e. give him a post as clerk, PCair.Zen. 342.3 (iii B. C.);

    ὁ π. τοῖς γράμμασι τεταγμένος Plb.15.27.7

    , cf. 5.54.7, D.S.2.29,3.22;

    ἐπιμελητὴς π. τῇ εἰκασίᾳ τοῦ σησάμου PTeb.713.2

    , cf.709.1 (ii B. C.).
    III to express union or addition, once in Hom., ἄασάν μ' ἕταροί τε κακοὶ π. τοῖσί τε ὕπνος and besides them sleep, Od.10.68;

    π. τοῖς παροῦσιν ἄλλα

     in addition to,

    A.Pr. 323

    , cf. Pers. 531, Xenoph.8.3. Emp.59.3;

    ἄλλους π. ἑαυτῷ Th.1.90

    ; π. ταῖς ἡμετέραις [τριήρεσι] Id.6.90;

    δέκα μῆνας π. ἄλλοις πέντε S.Tr.45

    ;

    τρίτος.. π. δέκ' ἄλλαισιν γοναῖς A.Pr. 774

    ; κυβερνήτης π. τῇ σκυτοτομίᾳ in addition to his trade of leather-cutter, Pl.R. 397e: freq. with neut. Adjs., π. τῷ νέῳ ἁπαλός besides his youth, Id.Smp. 195c, cf. Tht. 185e;

    π. τῷ βλαβερῷ καὶ ἀηδέστατον Id.Phdr. 240b

    ; π. τούτοισι besides this, Hdt.2.51, cf. A.Pers. 237 (troch.), etc.; rarely in sg.,

    π. τούτῳ Hdt.1.31

    ,41; π. τοῖς ἄλλοις besides all the rest, Th.2.61, etc.:—cf. the Advb. usage, infr. D.
    C WITH ACCUS., it expresses motion or direction towards an object:
    I of Place, towards, to, with Verbs of Motion,

    ἰέναι π. Ὄλυμπον Il.1.420

    ; ἰέναι π. δώματα, etc., Od.2.288, etc.;

    ἰέναι π. ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε Il.12.239

    ; φέρειν προτὶ ἄστυ, ἄγειν προτὶ Ἴλιον, etc., 13.538, 657, etc.; ἄγεσθαιπρὸς οἶκον, ἐρύεσθαι ποτὶ Ἴλιον, 9.147,18.174; ὠθεῖν, δίεσθαι προτὶ ἄστυ, 16.45, 15.681, etc.;

    ῥίπτασκε ποτὶ νέφεα Od.8.374

    ;

    βαλεῖν ποτὶ πέτρας 12.71

    ;

    κυλινδόμενα προτὶ χέρσον 9.147

    ; ἀπῆλθε πρὸς ἑαυτόν returned to his home, LXX Nu.24.25; κληθῆναι π. τὸ δεῖπνον (rarer than ἐπὶ δεῖπνον) Plu. Cat.Ma.3.
    2 with Verbs implying previous motion, upon, against, π. τεῖχος, π. κίονα ἐρείσας, Il.22.112, Od.8.66;

    ἅρματα.. ἔκλιναν π. ἐνώπια Il.8.435

    ;

    ἔγχος ἔστησε π. κίονα Od.1.127

    ;

    ποτὶ τοῖχον ἀρηρότες 2.342

    ;

    ποτὶ βωμὸν ἵζεσθαι 22.334

    ;

    πρὸς γοῦνα καθέζετό τινος 18.395

    ;

    π. ἄλλοτ' ἄλλον πημονὴ προσιζάνει A.Pr. 278

    ;

    τὰ πολλὰ πατρὸς π. τάφον κτερίσματα S.El. 931

    ; χῶρον π. αὐτὸν τόνδ' dub. in Id.Ph.23; later,

    ἔστη π. τὸν στῦλον LXX 4 Ki.23.3

    ;

    ὁ ὄχλος π. τὴν θάλασσαν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἦσαν Ev.Marc.4.1

    ; π. ὑμᾶς παραμενῶ with you, 1 Ep.Cor.16.6;

    ἐκήδευσαν τὸν.. πατέρα.. π. τοὺς λοιποὺς συγγενεῖς

     beside,

    Supp.Epigr.6.106

     ([place name] Cotiaeum).
    b of addition,

    ποὶ τὰν στάλαν ποιγραψάνσθω τάδε SIG56.46

    (Argos, v B. C.);

    ἵππον προσετίθει πρὸς τοὔνομα Ar.Nu.63

    , cf. Hdt.6.125, X.HG1.5.6, Pl.Phlb. 33c, Arist.Rh. 1359b28; προσεδαπάνησε π. τὸ μερισθὲν αὐτῷ εἰς τὸ ἔλαιον ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων over and above the sum allotted to him, IG22.1227.9; προσετέθη π. τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ was gathered to his people, LXX Ge.49.33.
    3 with Verbs of seeing, looking, etc., towards,

    ἰδεῖν π. τινά Od.12.244

    , al.; ὁρᾶν, ἀποβλέπειν π. τι or τινά, A.Supp. 725, Ar.Ach. 291, etc.;

    ἀνταυγεῖ π. Ὄλυμπον Emp.44

    ; στάντε ποτὶ πνοιήν so as to face it, Il.11.622 (similarly, πέτονται πρὸς τὸ πνεῦμα against the wind, Arist.HA 597a32); κλαίεσκε π. οὐρανόν cried to heaven, Il.8.364: freq. of points of the compass, π. ζόφον κεῖσθαι lie towards the West, Od.9.26;

    ναίειν π. ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε 13.240

    ;

    στάντα π. πρώτην ἕω S.OC 477

    ; so in Prose,

    π. ἠῶ τε καὶ ἡλίου ἀνατολάς Hdt. 1.201

    , cf. 4.40;

    π. βορέην τε καὶ νότον Id.2.149

    ; also

    ἀκτὴ π. Τυρσηνίην τετραμμένη τῆς Σικελίης Id.6.22

     (v. supr. A. 1.2); π. ἥλιον facing the sun, and so, in the sunlight, Ar.V. 772; so π. λύχνον by lamplight, Id. Pax 692, Jul.Ep.4;

    π. τὸ λύχνον Hippon.22

     Diehl, cf. Arist.Mete. 375a27;

    πὸτ τὸ πῦρ Ar.Ach. 751

    ;

    πρὸς τὸ πῦρ Pl.R. 372d

    , cf. Arist.Pr. 870a21; π. φῶς in open day, S.El. 640; but, by torch-light, Plu.2.237a.
    4 in hostile sense, against,

    π. Τρῶας μάχεαι Il.17.471

    ;

    ἐστρατόωνθ'.. π. τείχεα Θήβης 4.378

    ; π. δαίμονα against his will, 17.98;

    βεβλήκει π. στῆθος 4.108

    ;

    γούνατ' ἐπήδα π. ῥόον ἀΐσσοντος 21.303

    ;

    χρὴ π. θεὸν οὐκ ἐρίζειν Pi.P.2.88

    ;

    π. τοὐμὸν σπέρμα χωρήσαντα S.Tr. 304

    ;

    ἐπιέναι π. τινάς Th.2.65

    ;

    ὅσα ἔπραξαν οἱ Ἕλληνες π. τε ἀλλήλους καὶ τὸν βάρβαρον Id.1.118

    ;

    ἀγωνίζεσθαι π. τινά Pl.R. 579c

    ;

    ἀντιτάττεσθαι π. πόλιν X.Cyr.3.1.18

    : also in argument, in reply to,

    ταῦτα π. τὸν Πιττακὸν εἴρηται Pl.Prt. 345c

    ; and so in the titles of judicial speeches, πρός τινα in reply to, less strong than κατά τινος against or in accusation, D.20 tit., etc.;

    μήτε π. ἐμὲ μήτε κατ' ἐμοῦ δίκην εἶναι Is.11.34

    .
    5 without any hostile sense,

    π. ἀλλήλους ἔπεα πτερόεντ' ἀγόρευον Il.3.155

    ,cf.5.274,11.403,17.200;

    π.ξεῖνον φάσθαι ἔπος ἠδ' ἐπακοῦσαι Od.17.584

    ; λέγειν, εἰπεῖν, φράζειν π. τινά, Hdt. 1.8,90, Ar.V. 335, Nu. 359;

    ἀπαγγεῖλαι π. τινάς A.Ch. 267

    ;

    μνησθῆναι π. τινά Lys.1.19

    , etc.;

    ἀμείψασθαι π. τινά Hdt.8.60

     codd.;

    ἀποκρίνεσθαι π. τινάς Ar.Ach. 632

    , Th.5.42; ὤμοσε δὲ π. ἔμ' αὐτόν he swore to me, Od.14.331: π. sts. governs the reflex. pron.,

    διαλογίζεσθαι π. ὑμᾶς αὐτούς Is.7.45

    ; ἀναμνήσθητε, ἐνθυμήθητε π. ὑμᾶς αὐτούς, Isoc.6.52, 15.60;

    π. ἐμαυτὸν.. ἐλογιζόμην Pl.Ap. 21d

    ; μινύρεσθαι, ἄδειν π. ἑαυτόν, Ar.Ec. 880, 931;

    ἐπικωκύω.. αὐτὴ π. αὑτήν S.El. 285

    .
    b π. σφέας ἔχειν δοκέουσι, i.e. they think they are pregnant, Hp.Nat.Puer. 30.
    6 of various kinds of intercourse or reciprocal action, π... Διομήδεα τεύχε' ἄμειβεν changed arms with Diomedes, Il.6.235;

    ὅσα.. ξυμβόλαια.. ἦν τοῖς ἰδιώταις π. τοὺς ἰδιώτας ἢ ἰδιώτῃ π. τὸ κοινόν IG12.116.19

    ; σπονδάς, συνθήκας ποιεῖσθαι π. τινά, Th.4.15, Plb.1.17.6;

    ξυγχωρεῖν π. τινάς Th.2.59

    ;

    γίγνεται ὁμολογία π. τινάς Id.7.82

    , cf. Hdt. 1.61;

    π. τινὰς ξυμμαχίαν ποιεῖς θαι Th.5.22

    ;

    π. ἀλλήλους ἡσυχίαν εἶχον καὶ π. τοὺς ἄλλους.. εἰρήνην ἦγον Isoc.7.51

    ;

    π. ἀλλήλους ἔχθραι τε καὶ στέργηθρα A.Pr. 491

    ; also

    σαίνειν ποτὶ πάντας Pi.P.2.82

    , cf. O.4.6;

    παίζειν πρός τινας E.HF 952

    , etc.;

    ἀφροδισιάζειν π. τινά X.Mem.1.3.14

    ;

    ἀγαθὸς γίγνεσθαι π. τινά Th.1.86

    ;

    εὐσεβὴς π. τινὰς πέλειν A.Supp. 340

    ; διαλέγεσθαι π. τινά converse with.., X.Mem.1.6.1, Aeschin.2.38,40, 3.219;

    κοινοῦσθαι π. τινάς Pl.Lg. 930c

    ;

    π. τοὺς οἰκέτας ἀνακοινοῦσθαι περὶ τῶν μεγίστων Thphr.Char.4.2

    ; διαλογίζεσθαι π. τινά balance accounts with.., D.52.3, cf. SIG241.127 (Delph., iv B. C.);

    ἃ ἔχει διελόμενος π. τὸν ἀδελφόν IG12(7).55.8

     (Amorgos, iv/iii B. C.), cf. D. 47.34.
    b in phrases of the form ἡ π. τινὰ εὔνοια (ἔχθρα, etc.), π. sts. means towards, as ἡ π. αὑτοὺς φιλία the affection of their wives towards or for them, X.Cyr.3.1.39;

    ἡ π. ὑμᾶς ἔχθρα Id.HG3.5.10

    ;

    ἡ ἀπέχθεια ἡ π. τοὺς πλουσίους Arist.Pol. 1305a23

    ;

    τὴν π. τοὺς τετελευτηκότας εὔνοιαν ὑπάρχουσαν D.18.314

    , cf. SIG352.13 (Ephesus, iv/iii B. C.), al.;

    φυσικαὶ τοκέων στοργαὶ π. τέκνα ποθεινά IG12(5).305.13

     ([place name] Paros): but sts. at the hands of, ἡ π. τὸ θεῖον εὐμένεια the favour of the gods, Th.5.105; φθόνος τοῖς ζῶσι π. τὸ ἀντίπαλον jealousy is incurred by the living at the hands of their rivals, Id.2.45; τὴν ἀπέχθειαν τὴν π. Θηβαίους.. τῇ πόλει γενέσθαι the hostility incurred by Athens at the hands of the Thebans, D.18.36, cf.6.3, 19.85; τῇ φιλίᾳ τῇ π. τὸν τετελευτηκότα the friendship with (not 'affection for') the deceased, Is.1.17, cf. Pl.Ap. 21c, 28a, Isoc.15.101,19.50, Lycurg.135, Din.1.19, etc.;

    τίνος ὄντος ἐμοὶ π. ὑμᾶς ἐγκλήματος; Lys.10.23

    , cf. 16.10;

    τιμώμενος.. διὰ τὴν π. ὑμᾶς πίστιν Din.3.12

    , cf. Lys.12.67, D.20.25; τῷ φόβῳ τῷ π. ὑμᾶς the fear inspired by you, Id.25.93; τῇ π. Ῥωμαίους εὐνοία his popularity with the Romans, Plb.23.7.5.
    7 of legal or other business transacted before a magistrate, witness, etc.,

    τάδε ὁ σύλλογος ἐβουλεύσατο.. π. μνήμονας SIG45.8

     (Halic., v B. C.), cf. IG7.15.1 (Megara, ii B. C.); γράφεσθαι αὐτὸν κλοπῆς.. π. τοὺς ἐπιμελητάς ib.12.65.46; ἀτέλειαν εἶναι αὐτῷ καὶ δίκας π. τὸν πολέμαρχον ib.153.7; λόγον διδόντων τῶν.. χρημάτων.. π. τοὺς λογιστάς ib.91.27; before a jury,

    ἔστι δὲ τούτοις μὲν π. ὑμᾶς ἁγών, ὑμῖν δὲ π. ἅπασαν τὴν πόλιν Lys. 26.14

    ;

    ἀντιδικῆσαι τῷ παιδὶ.. π. ὑμᾶς Is.11.19

     codd. (dub.); before a witness to whom an appeal for corroboration is made, Id.3.25;

    ὀμόσαντες πὸ (τ) τὸν θεόν Schwyzer 418.11

     ([place name] Elis); φέρρεν αὐτὸν πὸ (τ) τὸν Δία in the eyes of Zeus, ib.415.7(ibid.); λαχεῖν πρὸς τὸν ἄρχοντα, γράφεσθαι π. τοὺς θεσμοθέτας, D.43.15, Lex ib.21.47, cf. Arist.Ath.56.6;

    τοῖς ἐμπόροις εἶναι τὰς δίκας π. τοὺς θεσμοθέτας D.33.1

    ; θέντων τὰ.. ποτήρια.. π. Πολύχαρμον having pawned the cups with P., IPE12.32A15 (Olbia, iii B. C.); also

    διαβάλλειν τινὰ π. τοὺς πολλούς X. Mem. 1.2.31

    , cf. D.7.33.
    II of Time, towards or near a certain time, at or about,

    ποτὶ ἕσπερα Od.17.191

    ;

    ποτὶἕσπερον Hes.Op. 552

    ;

    πρὸς ἑσπέραν Pl.R. 328a

    ;

    ἐπεὶ π. ἑσπέραν ἦν X.HG4.3.22

    ;

    π. ἡμέραν Id.An.4.5.21

    ;

    π. ὄρθρον Ar.Lys. 1089

    ; ποτ' ὄρθρον (nisi leg. πότορθρον) Theoc.5.126, Erinn. in PSI9.1090.48 + 8 (p.xii);

    πρὸς ἕω Ar.Ec. 312

    ; π.ἀῶ ἐγρέσθαι, π. ἡμέραν ἐξεγρέσθαι, Theoc.18.55, Pl.Smp. 223c; π. γῆρας, π. τὸ γῆρας, in old age, E.Med. 592, Pl.Lg. 653a; π. εὐάνθεμον φυάν in the bloom of life, Pi.O.1.67; μέχρις ὅτου π. γυναῖκας ὦσι, i.e.of marriageable age, IG22.1368.41: later, π.τὸ παρόν for the moment, Luc.Ep. Sat.28, etc.; v. infr. 111.5.
    III of Relation between two objects,
    1 in reference to, in respect of, touching, τὰ π. τὸν πόλεμον military matters, equipments, etc., Th.2.17, etc.; τὰ π. τὸν βασιλέα our relations to the King, D.14.2; τὰ π. βασιλέα πράγματα the negotiations with the King, Th.1.128; τὰ π. τοὺς θεούς our relations, i.e. duties, to the gods, S.Ph. 1441;

    μέτεστι π. τὰ ἴδια διάφορα πᾶσι τὸ ἴσον.. ἐλευθέρως δὲ τὰ π. τὸ κοινὸν πολιτεύομεν Th.2.37

    ;

    οὐδὲν διοίσει π. τὸ γενέσθαι..

     in respect of..,

    Arist.APr. 24a25

    , cf. Pl.Phd. 111b; ἕτερος λόγος, οὐ π. ἐμέ that is another matter, and does not concern me, D.18.44, cf. 21,60, Isoc.4.12; τῶν φορέτρων ὄντων π. ἐμέ freightage shall be my concern, i.e. borne by me, PAmh.91.18 (ii A. D.);

    π. τοῦτον ἦν ἡ τῶν διαφόρων πρᾶξις LXX 2 Ma.4.28

    ; ἐὰν.. βοᾷ καὶ σχετλιάζῃ μηδὲν π. τὸ πρᾶγμα, nihil ad rem, D.40.61; οὐδὲν π. τὸν Διόνυσον Prov. ap.Plb.39.2.3, Suid.; οὐδὲν αὐτῷ π. τὴν πόλιν ἐστίν he owes no reckoning to the State, D.21.44;

    λόγος ἐστὶν ἐμοὶ π. Ἀθηναίους Philonid. 1

     D.;

    π. Ἰάσονά ἐστιν αὐτῷ περὶ τῆς τιμῆς PHamb.27.8

     (iii B. C.), cf. PCair.Zen.150.18 (iii B. C.); ἔσται αὐτῷ π. τὸν Θεόν (sc. ὁ λόγος ) he shall have to reckon with God, Supp.Epigr.6.188, cf. 194, al. ([place name] Eumenia); without αὐτῷ, ib.236 ([place name] Phrygia);

    ἔσται π. τὴν Τριάδαν MAMA1.168

    , cf. Supp.Epigr.6.302 (Laodicea Combusta); ἕξει π. τὸν Θεόν ib.300, al. (ibid.); ἕξει π. τὴν ἐωνίαν κρίσιν ib.4.733 ([place name] Eukhaita), cf. 6.841 ([place name] Cyprus);

    π. πολλοὺς ἔχων ἀγωνιστάς Suid.

     s.v. ὅσα μῦς ἐν πίσσῃ, cf. 2 Ep.Cor.5.12: with Advbs.,

    ἀσφαλῶς ἔχειν π. τι X.Mem.1.3.14

    , etc.; [τὸ or τὰ] πρός τι, the relative term or terms, Arist.Cat. 1b25, 6a36, al.; τὸ π. τι, Pythag. name for two, Theol.Ar.8; π. ἡμᾶς relatively to us, opp. ἁπλῶς, Arist.APo. 72a1; ὀρθὸς πρός or ποτί c. acc., perpendicular to, Archim.Sph.Cyl.2.3, Spir.20; ἁ Δζ ποτὶ τὰν ΑΔ ἀμβλεῖαν ποιεῖ γωνίαν ib.16.
    2 in reference to, in consequence of,

    πρὸς τοῦτο τὸ κήρυγμα Hdt.3.52

    , cf. 4.161;

    π. τὴν φήμην

     in view of..,

    Id.3.153

    , cf. Th.8.39;

    χαλεπαίνειν π. τι Id.2.59

    ;

    ἀθύμως ἔχειν π. τι X.HG4.5.4

    , etc.: with neut. Pron.,

    π. τί;

     wherefore? to what end?

    S.OT 766

    , 1027, etc.; π. οὐδέν for nothing, in vain, Id.Aj. 1018; π. οὐδὲν ἀναγκαῖον unnecessarily, Sch.Il.9.23;

    π. ταῦτα

     therefore, this being so,

    Hdt.5.9

    ,40, A.Pr. 915, 992, S.OT 426, etc.; cf. οὗτος c. v111.1b.
    3 in reference to or for a purpose,

    ἕστηκεν.. μῆλα π. σφαγάς A.Ag. 1057

    ; χρήσιμος, ἱκανὸς π. τι, Pl.Grg. 474d, Prt. 322b;

    ὡς π. τί χρείας; S.OT 1174

    , cf. OC71, Tr. 1182;

    ἕτοιμος π. τι X.Mem.4.5.12

    ;

    ἱκανῶς ὡς π. τὴν παροῦσαν χρείαν Arist. Cael. 269b21

    ;

    ἢν ἀρήγειν φαίνηται π. τὴν σύμπασαν νοῦσον Hp.Acut. 60

    ; ποιεῖ π. ἐπιλημπτικούς is efficacious for cases of epilepsy, Dsc.1.6;

    ἐθέλοντες τὰ π. τὴν νοῦσον ἡδέα μᾶλλον ἢ τὰ π. τὴν ὑγιείην προσδέχεσθαι Hp. de Arte7

    .
    b with a view to or for a future time,

    ὅπως.. γράμματα δῷ π. ἢν ἂν ἡμέραν ἑκάτεροι παραγίνωνται SIG679.62

     (Senatus consultum, ii B. C.);

    θαυμάζεται τὰ Περικλέους ἔργα π. πολὺν χρόνον ἐν ὀλίγῳ γενόμενα Plu.Per.13

    .
    c = πρός B. 11,

    ἐγίνετο π. ἀναζογήν Plb.3.92.8

    ;

    ὄντων π. τὸ κωλύειν Id.1.26.3

    , cf. 1.29.3, al., Plu.Nic.5.
    4 in proportion or relation to, in comparison with,

    κοῖός τις δοκέοι ἀνὴρ εἶναι π. τὸν πατέρα Κῦρον Hdt.3.34

    ;

    ἔργα λόγου μέζω π. πᾶσαν χώρην Id.2.35

    ;

    π. πάντας τοὺς ἄλλους Id.3.94

    , 8.44;

    πολλὴν ἂν οἶμαι ἀπιστίαν τῆς δυνάμεως.. π. τὸ κλέος αὐτῶν εἶναι Th.1.10

    , cf. Pi.O.2.88, Pl. Prt. 327d, 328c, Phd. 102c, etc.; π. τὰς μεγίστας καὶ ἐλαχίστας ναῦς τὸ μέσον σκοπεῖν the mean between.., Th.1.10;

    τὸ κάλλιστον τῶν ἔργων π. τὸ αἴσχιστον συμβαλεῖν Lycurg.68

    ;

    ἓν π. ἓν συμβάλλειν Hdt.4.50

    ; also

    ἔχεις π. τὰ ἔτη μέλαιναν τὴν τρίχα Thphr. Char.2.3

    ;

    ἐνδεεστέρως ἢ π. τὴν ἐξουσίαν Th.4.39

    : also of mathematical ratio, οἷος ὁ πρῶτος (sc. ὅρος)

    ποτὶ τὸν δεύτερον, καὶ ὁ δεύτερος ποτὶ τὸν τρίτον Archyt.2

    , cf. Philol.11, Pl.Ti. 36b, Arist.Rh. 1409a4, al., Euc. 5 Def.4, etc.; πρὸς παρεὸν.. μῆτις ἀέξεται ἀνθρώποισι in proportion to the existing (physical development), Emp.106: also of price, value, πωλεῖσθαι δὶς π. ἀργύριον sells twice against or relatively to silver, i.e. for twice its weight in silver, Thphr.HP9.6.4;

    πωλεῖται ὁ σταθμὸς αὐτοῦ π. διπλοῦν ἀργύριον Dsc.1.19

    ; [ἡ μαργαρῖτις λίθος] πωλεῖται.. π. χρυσίον for its weight in gold, Androsthenes ap.Ath.3.93b: metaph.,

    π. ἀρετήν Pl.Phd. 69a

    ; ὅπως π. τὰς τιμὰς τῶν κριθῶν τὰ ἄλφιτα πωλήσουσι on the basis of the price of barley, Arist.Ath.51.3; ἐξέστω αὐτοῦ ἀπογραφὴ τῆς οὐσίας π. τοῦτο τὸ ἀργύριον Ἀθηναίων τῷ βουλομένῳ property equal in value to this silver, IG22.1013.14, cf. PHib. 1.32.9 (iii B. C.), IG5(1).1390.78 (Andania, i B. C.);

    τῶν ἐγγύων τῶν ἐγγυωμένων π. [αὐτὰ] τὰ κτήματα SIG364.42

     (Ephesus, iii B. C.);

    θέντων τὰ ποτήρια π. χρυσοῦς ἑκατόν IPE12.32A16

     (Olbia, iii B. C.); τοὺς ἀπαγομένους εἰς φυλακὴν π. τὰ χρέα imprisoned for debt, Plb. 38.11.10, cf. 1.72.5, 5.27.4,5,7,5.108.1, PTeb.707.9 (ii B. C.);

    τοὺς π. καταδίκας ἐκπεπτωκότας Plb.25.3.1

    , cf. SIG742.31 (Ephesus, i B. C.);

    ἐγδίδομεν τὸ ἔργον.. π. χαλκόν IG7.3073.6

     (Lebad., ii B. C.), cf. PSI5.356.7 (iii B. C.), PTeb. 825 (a).16 (ii B. C.), Sammelb.5106.3 (ii B. C.);

    οἷον π. ἀργύριον τὴν δόξαν τὰς ψυχὰς ἀποδιδόμενοι Jul. Or.1.42b

    ; π. ἅλας ἠγορασμένος, i.e. 'dirt cheap', Men.828 (also π. ἅλα δειπνεῖν καὶ κύαμον, i.e. dine frugally, take pot-luck, Plu.2.684f); so

    ἡδονὰς π. ἡδονὰς.. καταλλάττεσθαι Pl.Phd. 69a

    ; of measurements of time by the flow from the clepsydra,

    π. ἕνδεκα ἀμφορέας ἐν διαμεμετρημένῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ κρίνομαι Aeschin.2.126

    , cf. Arist.Ath.67.2,3,69.2;

    λεγέσθω τᾶς δίκας ὁ μὲν πρᾶτος λόγος ἑκατέροις ποτὶ χόας δεκαοκτώ SIG953.17

     (Calymna, ii B. C.); λεξάντων πρὸς τὴν τήρησιν τοῦ ὕδατος ib.683.60 (Olympia, ii B. C.); π. κλεψύδραν Eub.p.182 K., Epin. 2;

    π. κλεψύδρας Arist.Po. 1451a8

    ;

    π. ὀλίγον ὕδωρ ἀναγκαζόμενος λέγειν D.41.30

    ; hence later, π. ὀλίγον for a short time,

    ἐπανεῖναι π. ὀλίγον τὴν πολιορκίαν J.BJ5.9.1

    , cf. Alex.Aphr. in Top.560.2, Hld.2.19, POxy67.14 (iv A.D.), Orib.Fr.116, Gp.4.15.8; π.ὀλίγον καιρόν, χρόνον, Antyll. ap. Orib.9.24.26, Paul.Aeg.Prooem.; π. ὀλίγον ἐστὶ τὸ ζῆν Poet. in Mus.Script.p.452 von Jan;

    μήτηρ δ' ἦν π. μικρόν Sammelb. 7288.4

     ([place name] Ptolemaic);

    π. βραχύ Jul.Or.1.47b

     (but π. βραχὺ παρηβηκυίας (by) a little past their best, Gp.4.15.3);

    π. βραχὺν καιρόν Iamb. Protr. 21

    .

    κα'; π. τὸ ἀκαρές Porph.Gaur.3.3

    ;

    π. μίαν ἢ δευτέραν ἡμέραν Dsc. 2.101

    , cf. Sor.1.56;

    π. δύο ἡμέρας ἐκοίμησα ἐκεῖ BGU775.8

     (ii A. D.);

    π.μόνην τὴν ἐνεστῶσαν ἡμέραν Sammelb. 7399

     (ii A.D.), cf. M.Ant.12.4;

    προστιμάσθω π. χρόνον μὴ εἰσελθεῖν ὅσον ἂν δόξῃ IG22.1368.89

    .
    5 in or by reference to, according to, in view of,

    π. τὸ παρεὸν βουλεύεσθαι Hdt. 1.20

    , cf. 113, Th.6.46,47, IG22.1.20, etc.;

    π. τὴν παροῦσαν ἀρρωστίαν Th.7.47

    ;

    ἵνα π. τὸν ὑπάρχοντα καιρὸν ἕκαστα θεωρῆτε D.18.17

    , cf. 314, etc.;

    εἴ τι δεῖ τεκμαίρεσθαι π. τὸν ἄλλον τρόπον Id.27.22

    ; τοῖς π. ὑμᾶς ζῶσι those who live with your interests in view, Id.19.226;

    ἐλευθέρου τὸ μὴ π. ἄλλον ζῆν Arist.Rh. 1367a32

    ;

    π. τοῦτον πάντ' ἐσκόπουν, π. τοῦτον ἐποιοῦντο τὴν εἰρήνην D.19.63

    ; τὸ παιδεύεσθαι π. τὰς πολιτείας suitably to them, Arist.Pol. 1310a14; ὁρῶ.. ἅπαντας π. τὴν παροῦσαν δύναμιν τῶν δικαίων ἀξιουμένους according to their power, D.15.28;

    π. τὰς τύχας γὰρ τὰς φρένας κεκτήμεθα

     according to..,

    E.Hipp. 701

    ; πὸς τὰς συνθέσις in accordance with the agreements, IG5(2).343.41,60 (Orchom. Arc.); τὸν δικαστὰν ὀμνύντα κρῖναι πορτὶ τὰ μωλιόμενα having regard to the pleadings, Leg.Gort.5.44, cf. 9.30; αἱ ἀρχαὶ.. πρὸς τὰ κατεσκευασμένα σύμβολα σηκώματα ποιησάμεναι after making weights and measures in accordance with, or by reference to, the established standards, IG22.1013.7; π. τὰ στάθμια τὰ ἐν τῷ ἀργυροκοπίῳ as measured by the weights in the mint, ib. 30, cf. PAmh.43.10 (ii B. C.); [Εόλων] ἐποίησε σταθμὰ π. τὸ νόμισμα made (trade-) weights on the basis of (i.e. proportional to) the coinage, Arist.Ath.10.2;

    ὀρθὸν π. τὸν διαβήτην IG22.1668.9

    , cf. 95,7.3073.108 (Lebad., ii B. C.); π. τὸ δικαιότατον in accordance with the most just principle, D.C.Fr.104.6.
    6 with the accompaniment of musical instruments,

    π. κάλαμον Pi.O.10(11).84

    ; π. αὐλόν or τὸν αὐλόν, E.Alc. 346, X.Smp.6.3, etc.;

    π. λύραν.. ᾄδειν SIG662.13

     (Delos, ii B. C.); π. ῥυθμὸν ἐμβαίνειν to step in time, D.S.5.34.
    7 [full] πρός c.acc. freq. periphr. for Adv., π. βίαν, = βιαίως, under compulsion,

    νῦν χρὴ.. τινα π. βίαν πώνην Alc.20

     (s.v.l.);

    π. βίαν ἐπίνομεν Ar.Ach.73

    ;

    τὸ π. βίαν πίνειν ἴσον πέφυκε τῷ διψῆν κακόν S.Fr. 735

    ; ἥκω.. π. βίαν under compulsion, Critias 16.10 D.; by force, forcibly, A.Pr. 210, 355, etc.; οὐ π. βίαν τινός not forced by any one, Id.Eu.5 (but also, in spite of any one, S.OC 657);

    π. τὸ βίαιον A.Ag. 130

     (lyr.);

    π. τὸ καρτερόν Id.Pr. 214

    ; π. ἀλκήν, π. ἀνάγκαν, Id.Th. 498, Pers. 569 (lyr.);

    οὐ διαχωρέεει [ἡ γαστὴρ] εἰ μὴ π. ἀνάγκην Hp. Prog.8

    ,19;

    π. ἰσχύος κράτος S.Ph. 594

    ;

    π. ἡδονὴν εἶναί τινι A.Pr. 494

    ; π. ἡδονὴν λέγειν, δημηγορεῖν, so as to please, Th.2.65, S.El. 921, D.4.38, cf. E.Med. 773;

    οἱ πάντα π. ἡδονὴν ἐπαινοῦντες Arist.EN 1126b13

    ;

    ἅπαντα π. ἡδ. ζητεῖν D.1.15

    , cf. 18.4; λούσασθαι τὸ σῶμα π. ἡδ. as much or little as one like s, Hp.Mul.2.133;

    πίνειν π. ἡδ. Pl. Smp. 176e

    ; π. τὸ τερπνόν calculated to delight, Th.2.53; π. χάριν so as to gratify,

    μήτε π. ἔχθραν ποιεῖσθαι λόγον μήτε π. χ. D.8.1

    , cf. S.OT 1152;

    π. χάριν δημηγορεῖν D.3.3

    , etc.: c. gen. rei, π. χάριν τινός for the sake of,

    π. χ. βορᾶς S.Ant.30

    , cf. Ph. 1156 (lyr.);

    π. ἰσχύος χ.

     by means of,

    E.Med. 538

    ; π. ὀργήν with anger, angrily, S.El. 369, Th.2.65, D.53.16 (v.l.);

    π. ὀργὴν ἐλθεῖν τινι Id.39.23

    , etc.; π. τὸ λιπαρές importunately, S.OC 1119;

    π. εὐσέβειαν Id.El. 464

    ; π. καιρόν seasonably, Id.Aj.38, etc.;

    π. φύσιν Id.Tr. 308

    ; π. εὐτέλειαν cheaply, Antiph.226.2; π. μέρος in due proportion, D.36.32;

    π. ὀλίγον μέρος Gp.2.15.1

    ; τέτραπτο π. ἰθύ οἱ straight towards him, Il.14.403; π. ὀρθὰς (sc. γωνίας ( .. τῇ AEB at right angles to, Arist.Mete. 373a14, cf. Euc.1.11, Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.3;

    π. ὀρθὴν τέμνουσα Arist.Mete. 363b2

    ; π. ἀχθηδόνα, π. ἀπέχθειαν, Luc.Tox.9, Hist.Conscr.38; γυνὴ π. ἀλήθειαν οὖσα in truth a woman, a very woman, Ath.15.687a, cf. Luc. JTr.48, Alex.61: c. [comp] Sup., π. τὰ μέγιστα in the highest degree, Hdt.8.20.
    8 of Numbers. up to, about, Plb.16.7.5, etc.: cf. πρόσπου.
    D ABS. AS ADV., besides, over and above; in Hom. always π. δέ or ποτὶ δέ, Il.5.307, 10.108, al., cf. Hdt.1.71, etc.; π. δὲ καί ib. 164, 207;

    π. δὲ ἔτι Id.3.74

    ;

    καὶ π. Id.7.154

    , 184, prob. in A.Ch. 301, etc.;

    καὶ π. γε E.Hel. 110

    , Pl.R. 328a, 466e;

    καὶ.. γε π. A.Pr.73

    ;

    καὶ δὴ π. Hdt.5.67

    ; freq. at the end of a second clause,

    τάδε λέγω, δράσω τε π. E.Or. 622

    ;

    ἀλογία.., καὶ ἀμαθία γε π. Pl.Men. 90e

    , cf. E.Ph. 610;

    ἐνενήκοντα καὶ μικρόν τι π. D.4.28

    , cf. 22.60.
    I motion towards, as προσάγω, προσέρχομαι, etc.
    II addition, besides, as προσκτάομαι, προσδίδωμι, προστίθημι, etc.
    III a being on, at, by, or beside: hence, a remaining beside, and metaph. connexion and engagement with anything, as πρόσειμι, προσγίγνομαι, etc.
    F REMARKS,
    1 in poetry πρός sts. stands after its case and before an attribute,

    ποίμνας βουστάσεις τε π. πατρός A.Pr. 653

    , cf. Th. 185, S.OT 178 (lyr.), E.Or.94; ἄστυ πότι (or ποτὶ)

    σφέτερον Il.17.419

    , cf. Pi.O.4.5.
    2 in Hom. it is freq. separated from its Verb by tmesis.
    3 sts. (in violation of the rule given by A.D.Synt.127.8, Pron.42.5) followed by an enclit. Pron.,

    πρός με S.Aj. 292

    , Ar.Pl. 1055, D.18.14 (v.l.), Men.978, Pk.77, Com.Adesp.15.25 D., 22.68 D., etc.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πρός

  • 2 ziehen

    das Ziehen
    haul; traction; drawing; pull
    * * *
    Zie|hen
    nt -s, no pl
    (= Schmerz) ache; (im Unterleib) abdominal pain
    * * *
    1) (to pull along, out or towards oneself: She drew the child towards her; He drew a gun suddenly and fired; All water had to be drawn from a well; The cart was drawn by a pony.) draw
    3) ((an) act of extracting eg a tooth.) extraction
    4) (to pull with great effort or difficulty: Horses are used to haul barges along canals.) haul
    5) (to draw (a straight line): He ruled a line across the page.) rule
    6) (to (try to) move something especially towards oneself usually by using force: He pulled the chair towards the fire; She pulled at the door but couldn't open it; He kept pulling the girls' hair for fun; Help me to pull my boots off; This railway engine can pull twelve carriages.) pull
    7) ((with at or on) in eg smoking, to suck at: He pulled at his cigarette.) pull
    8) (to move to a new house etc: He has removed to London.) remove
    9) (to make (a tree, plant etc) grow in a particular direction.) train
    10) (to go, move, walk etc (about, in or on) from place to place with no definite destination in mind: I'd like to spend a holiday wandering through France; The mother wandered the streets looking for her child.) wander
    * * *
    Zie·hen
    <-s>
    [ˈtsi:ən]
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb
    1) pull; (sanfter) draw; (zerren) tug; (schleppen) drag

    Perlen auf eine Schnur ziehen — thread pearls/beads on to a string

    ziehen und ablegen — (DV) drag and drop

    2) (fig.)

    es zog ihn zu ihr/zu dem Ort — he felt drawn to her/to the place

    alle Blicke auf sich ziehen — attract or capture all the attention

    jemandes Zorn/Unwillen usw. auf sich ziehen — incur somebody's anger/displeasure etc.

    etwas nach sich ziehen — result in something; entail something

    3) (herausziehen) pull out <nail, cork, organ-stop, etc.>; extract < tooth>; take out, remove <stitches, splinter>; draw <cord, sword, pistol>

    den Hut ziehen — raise or doff one's hat

    Zigaretten/Süßigkeiten usw. ziehen — (ugs.): (aus Automaten) get cigarettes/sweets etc. from a slot machine

    die [Quadrat]wurzel ziehen — (Math.) extract the square root

    4) (dehnen) stretch <elastic etc.>; stretch out <sheets etc.>
    5) (Gesichtspartien bewegen) make <face, grimace>

    die Stirn in Falten ziehen — wrinkle or knit one's brow; (missmutig) frown

    6) (bei Brettspielen) move <chessman etc.>
    7)

    er zog den Rauch in die Lungen — he inhaled the smoke [into his lungs]

    8) (zeichnen) draw <line, circle, arc, etc.>
    9) (anlegen) dig < trench>; build < wall>; erect < fence>; put up < washing-line>; run, lay <cable, wires>; draw < frontier>; trace < loop>; follow < course>

    sich (Dat.) einen Scheitel ziehen — make a parting [in one's hair]

    10) (aufziehen) grow <plants, flowers>; breed < animals>
    11) (verblasst; auch als Funktionsverb) draw <lesson, conclusion, comparison>; s. auch Konsequenz 1); Rechenschaft; Verantwortung 1)
    2.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb
    1) (reißen) pull

    an etwas (Dat.) ziehen — pull on something

    an einem od. am selben Strang ziehen — (fig.) be pulling in the same direction

    2) (funktionieren) <stove, pipe, chimney> draw; <car, engine> pull
    3) mit sein (umziehen) move (nach, in + Akk. to)
    4) mit sein (gehen) go; (marschieren) march; (umherstreifen) roam; rove; (fortgehen) go away; leave; <fog, clouds> drift

    in den Krieg ziehen — go or march off to war

    5) (saugen) draw

    an einer Zigarette/Pfeife ziehen — draw on a cigarette/pipe

    6) <tea, coffee> draw
    7) (Kochk.) simmer

    es zieht [vom Fenster her] — there's a draught [from the window]

    9) (ugs.): (zum Erfolg führen) < trick> work

    das zieht bei mir nicht — that won't wash or won't cut any ice with me (fig. coll.)

    es zieht [mir] im Rücken — I've got backache

    ein leichtes/starkes Ziehen im Bauch — a slight/intense stomach ache

    3.
    1) < road> run, stretch; < frontier> run
    2)

    der Weg o. ä. zieht sich — (ugs.) the journey etc. goes on and on

    * * *
    ziehen; zieht, zog, gezogen
    A. v/t (hat)
    1. (Pflug, Wagen etc) draw, pull; (Spülung) pull; (Handbremse) put on, pull up; (schleppen) drag; (schwere Lasten) haul; (zerren) tug;
    lass dich nicht so ziehen zu Kind: stop pulling (and keep up)!;
    ein Boot ans Ufer ziehen pull a boat ashore;
    jemanden am Ärmel ziehen tug at sb’s sleeve;
    jemanden an den Haaren/Ohren ziehen pull sb’s hair/ears;
    ziehen draw sb to one;
    aus dem Wasser ziehen (Boot) pull ( oder haul) out of the water; (Ertrinkenden) auch pull from the water;
    kurz durchs Wasser ziehen give sth a quick rinse;
    jemanden mit sich ziehen pull sb along (with one);
    einen Ring vom Finger ziehen take a ring off, slip a ring from one’s finger;
    einen Pullover über die Bluse ziehen put a jumper (US sweater) on over the blouse;
    die Gardinen vors Fenster ziehen draw the curtains (across the window);
    2. (Zahn) pull out, extract; (Korken, Messer, Revolver etc) draw, pull out; (Möhren) pull up; (den Hut) take off; (Los, Gewinn) draw; (Karte) take; (auswählen) pick;
    die Fäden ziehen MED take out the stitches;
    Zigaretten (aus dem Automaten) ziehen get some cigarettes out of the machine
    3. (Linie) draw; (Kreis) auch describe; (Mauer) build, erect; (Graben) dig; (Wäscheleine) put up; (Leitungen) put sth in;
    einen Scheitel ziehen make a parting (US part);
    den Wagen nach links ziehen (lenken) pull ( oder steer) the car over to the left
    4. (dehnen) stretch;
    etwas lässt sich ziehen sth stretches, sth gives;
    die Suppe zieht Fäden the soup’s gone stringy
    5. (Los, Gewinn) draw; (Karte) take; (auswählen) pick;
    eine Niete ziehen draw a blank
    6. MATH (Wurzel) extract, find, work out
    7. (Kerzen) draw;
    ziehen string a violin etc;
    ein Bild auf Karton ziehen print a picture on a card
    8. fig:
    auf sich (akk)
    ziehen (Aufmerksamkeit, Blicke etc) attract; (jemandes Hass, Unmut etc) incur;
    jemanden auf seine Seite ziehen win sb over to one’s side;
    jemanden ins Gespräch/Vertrauen ziehen draw sb into ( oder include sb in) the conversation/take sb into one’s confidence;
    etwas ins Lächerliche ziehen ridicule sth, hold sth up to ridicule;
    nach sich ziehen zur Folge haben: have as a consequence, result in; notwendigerweise: entail, involve; verursachen: bring about, cause; als Nebeneffekt: bring with it ( oder in its wake);
    es zieht mich dorthin/zu ihr I feel drawn there/to her;
    es zieht mich nichts in diese Gesellschaft I don’t feel drawn to these people in any way; → Bilanz 2, Ferne 1, Länge 1, Schluss 5, zurate etc
    9. (Pflanzen) grow; (Tiere) breed, rear;
    die Kinder sind gut gezogen (erzogen) the children are well brought up;
    den werd ich mir schon noch ziehen I’ll teach him some manners
    B. v/i
    1. (hat) pull (
    an +dat at); heftig: tug (at);
    der Wagen zieht schlecht the car’s not pulling properly;
    er zieht schnell Cowboy etc: he’s quick on the draw;
    zieh! in Western: draw!;
    an der Glocke ziehen pull ( oder ring) the bell;
    an der Leine ziehen Hund: pull at the lead ( oder leash), strain at the leash
    2. (ist) (wandern, reisen) wander, rove; Tiere, Vögel: migrate; Vögel: auch fly; (weggehen) go (away), leave;
    ziehen nach/in (+akk) (umziehen) move to/into;
    aufs Land ziehen move to the country;
    zu jemandem ziehen go to live with sb, move in with sb;
    durch die Welt ziehen see (liter roam) the world;
    nach Süden ziehen Vögel: fly ( oder go oder migrate) south;
    jemanden ungern ziehen lassen be sorry to see sb go
    3. (ist) Rauch, Wolken etc: drift;
    die Wolken ziehen the clouds drift ( schnell: scud) across the sky;
    das Gewitter ist nach Westen gezogen the storm has moved (away) westward
    4. (hat) Schach etc: (make a) move;
    mit dem König ziehen move the ( oder one’s) king;
    wer zieht? whose move is it?
    5. (hat) Ofen, Pfeife etc: draw;
    der Ofen zieht nicht the stove isn’t drawing;
    ziehen an einer Pfeife etc: (take a) puff at, draw on; an Strohhalm: chew
    6. (hat) unpers:
    hier zieht’s there’s a draught (US draft);
    mir zieht’s am Rücken I can feel a draught (US draft) on my back
    7. (hat) Tee: draw; in Marinade: stand; in heißem Wasser: simmer;
    den Tee etc
    ziehen lassen let the tea etc stand
    8. umg:
    einen ziehen lassen let (one) off
    9. (hat) (schmerzen) twinge, ache;
    ziehender Schmerz twinge, ache; unpers:
    es zieht mir im Rücken I can feel a twinge in my back;
    ein leichtes Ziehen im Rücken haben have a slight pain ( oder ache) in one’s back, have a touch of (US a slight) backache
    10. (hat) SPORT set the pace
    11. (hat) umg (wirken) work; (Anklang finden) go down (well);
    dieses Stück zieht nicht the play isn’t getting very good houses ( oder audiences), the play isn’t pulling in the crowds ( oder isn’t exactly pulling them in umg);
    diese Ausrede zieht bei mir nicht that excuse won’t wash with me, try another one;
    Schmeichelei/das zieht bei mir nicht flattery/that will get you nowhere, flattery/that doesn’t work with me
    C. v/r (hat)
    1.
    2. (sich dehnen) stretch, give; Käse: go stringy, form strings; Klebstoff: get tacky; umg, fig, Verhandlungen etc: drag on; Weg: go on and on;
    das zieht sich umg (dauert lange) it’s going on a bit
    3. (sich verziehen) Holz: warp; Stahl: buckle
    4.
    sich ziehen durch/über (+akk) (erstrecken) stretch through/over ( oder across);
    sich ziehen über (+akk) Narbe: go right across;
    sich ziehen um Mauer, Wall: go right (a-)round, enclose;
    sich ziehen durch fig, Motiv, Thema etc: run through; → Affäre 1, Länge 1
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb
    1) pull; (sanfter) draw; (zerren) tug; (schleppen) drag

    Perlen auf eine Schnur ziehen — thread pearls/beads on to a string

    ziehen und ablegen — (DV) drag and drop

    2) (fig.)

    es zog ihn zu ihr/zu dem Ort — he felt drawn to her/to the place

    alle Blicke auf sich ziehen — attract or capture all the attention

    jemandes Zorn/Unwillen usw. auf sich ziehen — incur somebody's anger/displeasure etc.

    etwas nach sich ziehen — result in something; entail something

    3) (herausziehen) pull out <nail, cork, organ-stop, etc.>; extract < tooth>; take out, remove <stitches, splinter>; draw <cord, sword, pistol>

    den Hut ziehen — raise or doff one's hat

    Zigaretten/Süßigkeiten usw. ziehen — (ugs.): (aus Automaten) get cigarettes/sweets etc. from a slot machine

    die [Quadrat]wurzel ziehen — (Math.) extract the square root

    4) (dehnen) stretch <elastic etc.>; stretch out <sheets etc.>
    5) (Gesichtspartien bewegen) make <face, grimace>

    die Stirn in Falten ziehen — wrinkle or knit one's brow; (missmutig) frown

    6) (bei Brettspielen) move <chessman etc.>
    7)

    er zog den Rauch in die Lungen — he inhaled the smoke [into his lungs]

    8) (zeichnen) draw <line, circle, arc, etc.>
    9) (anlegen) dig < trench>; build < wall>; erect < fence>; put up < washing-line>; run, lay <cable, wires>; draw < frontier>; trace < loop>; follow < course>

    sich (Dat.) einen Scheitel ziehen — make a parting [in one's hair]

    10) (aufziehen) grow <plants, flowers>; breed < animals>
    11) (verblasst; auch als Funktionsverb) draw <lesson, conclusion, comparison>; s. auch Konsequenz 1); Rechenschaft; Verantwortung 1)
    2.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb
    1) (reißen) pull

    an etwas (Dat.) ziehen — pull on something

    an einem od. am selben Strang ziehen — (fig.) be pulling in the same direction

    2) (funktionieren) <stove, pipe, chimney> draw; <car, engine> pull
    3) mit sein (umziehen) move (nach, in + Akk. to)
    4) mit sein (gehen) go; (marschieren) march; (umherstreifen) roam; rove; (fortgehen) go away; leave; <fog, clouds> drift

    in den Krieg ziehen — go or march off to war

    5) (saugen) draw

    an einer Zigarette/Pfeife ziehen — draw on a cigarette/pipe

    6) <tea, coffee> draw
    7) (Kochk.) simmer

    es zieht [vom Fenster her] — there's a draught [from the window]

    9) (ugs.): (zum Erfolg führen) < trick> work

    das zieht bei mir nicht — that won't wash or won't cut any ice with me (fig. coll.)

    es zieht [mir] im Rücken — I've got backache

    ein leichtes/starkes Ziehen im Bauch — a slight/intense stomach ache

    3.
    1) < road> run, stretch; < frontier> run
    2)

    der Weg o. ä. zieht sich — (ugs.) the journey etc. goes on and on

    * * *
    n.
    traction n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > ziehen

  • 3 отварям

    1. open
    отварям с ключ/отварячка open with a key/a tin-opener
    отварям врата open a door, throw/push open a door
    отварям вратата (след позвъняване) answer the door
    отварям вратата за прен. throw open the door to
    отварям някому let s.o. in
    отварям границата open the frontier
    отварям бъчва broach a cask
    отварям бутилка uncork/open a bottle
    отварям чадър put up/open an umbrella
    отварям чекмедже (draw/pull) open a drawer
    отварям (скъсвам) плик tear an envelope open
    отварям (разпечатвам) плик break an envelope open
    отварям пакет unwrap a parcel
    отварям кран/чешма turn on a tap, set a tap running
    отварям радиото switch on the radio
    отварям скоби open the brackets, прен. mention/say in parenthesis, mention parenthetically; digress
    отварям път make way (for)
    отварям магазин open/start a shop, set up a shop
    отварям ресторант start a restaurant
    отварям разговор start a conversation
    отварям апетита на whet/sharpen s.o.'s appetite
    отварям рана make a wound
    отварям работа make work
    отварям работа на keep busy
    cause (s.o.) trouble, give trouble to (s.o.)
    отварям въпрос bring up a matter
    отварям дума lead the conversation (towards)
    отварям дума за mention, refer to, make a reference to
    не отварям дума make no mention (за of)
    отварям си очите вж. око
    отварям си ушите keep o.'s ears open
    отварям сърцето си open up o.'s heart
    отварям сърцето на open s.o.'s heart (to)
    3. open, (за пори и пр.) open up
    (от вятъра) blow/fly open
    вратата/чадърът се отвори the door/the umbrella opened
    4. (за човек) open out
    * * *
    отва̀рям,
    гл.
    1. open; как се отваря това? how do you open it? \отварям бутилка uncork/open a bottle; \отварям бъчва broach a cask; \отварям врата open a door, throw/push open a door; \отварям вратата ( след позвъняване) answer the door; \отварям вратата за прен. throw open the door to; \отварям кран/чешма turn on a tap, set a tap running; \отварям някому let s.o. in; \отварям пакет unwrap a parcel; \отварям ( разпечатвам) плик break an envelope open; \отварям ( скъсвам) плик tear an envelope open; \отварям път make way (for); \отварям скоби open the brackets, прен. mention/say in parenthesis, mention parenthetically; digress; \отварям чадър put up/open an umbrella; \отварям чекмедже (draw/pull) open a drawer;
    2. ( започвам; започвам работа с) open; \отварям магазин open/start a shop, set up a shop; \отварям разговор start a conversation;
    \отварям се 1. open, (за пори и пр.) open up; (от вятъра) blow/fly open;
    2. (за човек) open out; • не \отварям дума make no mention (за of); \отварям апетита на whet/sharpen s.o.’s appetite; \отварям въпрос bring up a matter; \отварям дума lead the conversation (towards); \отварям дума за mention, refer to, make a reference to; \отварям очите си keep o.’s eyes open/skinned/peeled; watch o.’s step, be on the look out; \отварям работа make work; \отварям работа на keep busy; cause (s.o.) trouble, give trouble to (s.o.); \отварям рана make a wound; \отварям сърцето на open s.o.’s heart (to); \отварям ушите си keep o.’s ears open.
    * * *
    open: Please, отварямthe window. - Отвори прозореца, моля те.; He отварямed a bar on our street. - Той отвори бар на нашата улица.; turn on (кран); unwrap (пакет и пр.)
    * * *
    1. (за човек) open out 2. (започвам 3. (от вятъра) blow/fly open 4. cause (s. o.) trouble, give trouble to (s. о.) 5. open 6. open, (за пори и пр.) open up 7. ОТВАРЯМ (разпечатвам) плик break an envelope open 8. ОТВАРЯМ (скъсвам) плик tear an envelope open 9. ОТВАРЯМ ce 10. ОТВАРЯМ апетита на whet/sharpen s. o.'s appetite 11. ОТВАРЯМ бутилка uncork/open a bottle 12. ОТВАРЯМ бъчва broach a cask 13. ОТВАРЯМ врата open a door, throw/push open a door 14. ОТВАРЯМ вратата (след позвъняване) answer the door 15. ОТВАРЯМ вратата за прен. throw open the door to 16. ОТВАРЯМ въпрос bring up a matter 17. ОТВАРЯМ границата open the frontier 18. ОТВАРЯМ дума lead the conversation (towards) 19. ОТВАРЯМ дума за mention, refer to, make a reference to 20. ОТВАРЯМ кран/ чешма turn on a tap, set a tap running 21. ОТВАРЯМ магазин open/start a shop, set up a shop 22. ОТВАРЯМ някому let s. o. in 23. ОТВАРЯМ пакет unwrap a parcel 24. ОТВАРЯМ път make way (for) 25. ОТВАРЯМ работа make work 26. ОТВАРЯМ работа на keep busy 27. ОТВАРЯМ радиото switch on the radio 28. ОТВАРЯМ разговор start a conversation 29. ОТВАРЯМ рана make a wound 30. ОТВАРЯМ ресторант start a restaurant 31. ОТВАРЯМ с ключ/отварячка open with a key/a tin-opener 32. ОТВАРЯМ си очите вж. око 33. ОТВАРЯМ си ушите keep o.'s ears open 34. ОТВАРЯМ скоби open the brackets, прен. mention/say in parenthesis, mention parenthetically;digress 35. ОТВАРЯМ сърцето на open s. o.'s heart (to) 36. ОТВАРЯМ сърцето си open up o.'s heart 37. ОТВАРЯМ чадър put up/open an umbrella 38. ОТВАРЯМ чекмедже (draw/pull) open a drawer 39. вратата/ чадърът се отвори the door/the umbrella opened 40. започвам pa-бота с) open 41. как се отваря това? how do you open it? 42. книгата се отвори the book fell open 43. не ОТВАРЯМ дума make no mention (за of)

    Български-английски речник > отварям

  • 4 प्रति _prati

    प्रति ind.
    1 As a prefix to verbs it means (a) towards, in the direction of; (b) back, in return, again; तष्ठेदानीं न मे जीवन् प्रतियास्यसि दुर्मते Rām.7.18.13; (c) in opposition to, against, counter; (d) upon, down upon; (see the several roots with this preposition).
    -2 As a prefix to nouns not directly derived from verbs it means (a) likeness, resemblance, equality; (b) opposite, of the opposite side; प्रतिबल Ve.3.5. 'the opposing force'; so प्रतिद्विपाः Mu.2.13; (c) rivalry; as in प्रतिचन्द्रः 'a rival moon'; प्रतिपुरुषः &c.
    -3 As a separable preposition (with acc.) it means (a) towards, in the direction of, to; तौ दम्पती स्वां प्रति राजधानीं प्रस्थापयामास वशी वसिष्ठः R.2.7;1. 75; प्रत्यनिलं विचेरु Ku.3.31; वृक्षं प्रति विद्योतते विद्युत् Sk.; (b) against, counter, in opposition to, opposite; तदा यायाद् रिपुं प्रति Ms.7.171; प्रदुदुवुस्तं प्रति राक्षसेन्द्रम् Rām.; ययावजः प्रत्यरिसैन्यमेव R.7.55; (c) in comparison with, on a par with, in proportion to, a match for; त्वं सहस्राणि प्रति Ṛv.2.1.8; (d) near, in the vicinity of, by, at, in, on; समासेदुस्ततो गङ्गां शृङ्गवेरपुरं प्रति Rām.; गङ्गां प्रति; (e) at the time, about, during; आदित्यस्योदयं प्रति Mb; फाल्गुनं वाथ चैत्रं वा मासौ प्रति Ms.7.182; (f) on the side of, in favour of, to the lot of; यदत्र मां प्रति स्यात् Sk.; हरं प्रति हलाहलं (अभवत्) Vop.; (g) in each, in or at every, severally (used in a distributive sense); वर्षं प्रति, प्रतिवर्षम्; यज्ञं प्रति Y.1.11; वृक्षं वृक्षं प्रति सिञ्चति Sk.; (h) with regard or reference to, in relation to, regarding, concerning, about, as to; न हि मे संशीतिरस्या दिव्यतां प्रति K.132; चन्द्रोपरागं प्रति तु केनापि विप्रलब्धासि Mu.1; धर्मं प्रति Ś.5.18; मन्दौत्सुक्यो$स्मि नगरगमनं प्रति Ś.1; Ku.6.27; 7.83; त्वयैकमीशं प्रति साधु भाषितम् 5.81; Y.1.218; R.6. 12;1.29;12.51; (i) according to, in conformity with; मां प्रति in my opinion; (j) before, in the presence of; (k) for, on account of.
    -4 As a separable preposi- tion (with abl.) it means either (a) a representative of, in place of, instead of; प्रद्युम्नः कृष्णात् प्रति Sk.; संग्रामे यो नारायणतः प्रति Bk.8.89; or (b) in exchange or return for; तिलेभ्यः प्रति यच्छति माषान् Sk.; भक्तेः प्रत्यमृतं शंभोः Vop.
    -5 As the first member of Avyayībhāva compound it usually means (a) in or at every; as प्रतिसंवत्सरम् 'every year', प्रतिक्षणम्, प्रत्यहम् &c.; (b) towards, in the direction of; प्रत्यग्नि शलभा डयन्ते.
    -6 प्रति is sometimes used as the last member of Avyayī. comp. in the sense of 'a little'; सूपप्रति, शाकप्रति. [ Note:-- In the com- pounds given below all words the second members of which are words not immediately connected with verbs, are included; other words will be found in their proper places.]
    -Comp. -अंशम् ind. on the shoulders.
    -अक्षरम् ind. in every syllable or letter; प्रत्यक्षरश्लेषमयप्रबन्ध Vās.
    -अग्नि ind. towards the fire.
    -अग्र = प्रत्यग्र q. v.
    -अङ्गम् 1 a secondary or minor limb (of the body), as the nose.
    -2 a division, chapter, section.
    -3 every limb.
    -4 a weapon. (
    -ङ्गम्) ind.
    1 on or at every limb of the body; as in प्रत्यङ्ग- मालिङ्गितः Gīt.1.
    -2 for every subdivision.
    -3 in each case (in grammar).
    -अधिदेवता a tutelary deity who stays in front or near one; Hch.
    -अधिष्ठानम्, -आधानम् the principal place of residence; Bṛi. Up.2.2.1.
    -2 repository.
    -अनन्तर a.
    1 being in immediate neigh- bourhood; दानमानादिसत्कारैः कुरुष्व प्रत्यनन्तरम् Rām.4.15.27. (com. प्रत्यनन्तरं स्वाधीनम्).
    -2 standing nearest (as an heir).
    -3 immediately following, closely connected with; जीवेत् क्षत्रियधर्मेण स ह्यस्य (ब्राह्मणस्य) प्रत्यनन्तरः; Ms.1. 82;8.185. (
    -रम्) ind.
    1 immediately after.
    -2 next in succession.
    -रीभू to betake oneself close to; P. R.
    -अनिलम् ind. towards or against the wind.
    -अनीक a
    1 hostile, opposed, inimical.
    -2 resisting, opposing.
    -3 opposite.
    -4 equal, vying with. (
    -कः) an enemy.
    (-कम्) 1 hostility, enmity, hostile attitude or position; न शक्ताः प्रत्यनीकेषु स्थातुं मम सुरासुराः Rām.
    -2 a hostile army; यस्य शूरा महेष्वासाः प्रत्यनीकगता रणे Mb.; ये$वस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः Bg.11.32. (प्र˚ may have here sense 1 also).
    -3 (in Rhet.) a figure of speech in which one tries to injure a person or thing connected with an enemy who himself cannot be injured; प्रतिपक्षमशक्तेन प्रतिकर्तुं तिरस्क्रिया । या तदीयस्य तत्स्तुत्यै प्रत्यनीकं तदुच्यते K. P.1.
    -अनुप्रासः a kind of alliteration.
    -अनुमानम् an opposite conclusion.
    -अन्त a. contiguous, lying close to, adjacent, bordering.
    (-न्तः) 1 a border, frontier; स गुप्तमूलप्रत्यन्तः R.4.26.
    -2 a bordering country; especi- ally, a country occupied by barbarian or Mlechchhas. ˚देशः a bordering country. ˚पर्वतः an adjacent hill; पादाः प्रत्यन्तपर्वताः Ak.
    -अन्धकार a. spreading shadow; Buddh.
    -अपकारः retaliation, injury in return; शाम्येत् प्रत्यप- कारेण नोपकारेण दुर्जनः Ku.2.4.
    -अब्दम् ind. every year
    -अमित्र a. hostile. (
    -त्रः) an enemy. (
    -त्रम्) ind. towards as enemy.
    -अरिः 1 a well-matched opponent.
    -2 the 9th, 14th or 23rd asterism from the जन्मनक्षत्र.
    -3 a particular asterism; दारुणेषु च सर्वेषु प्रत्यरिं च विवर्जयेत् Mb.13.14.28 (com. प्रत्यरिं स्वनक्षत्राद् दिननक्षत्रं यावद् गणयित्वा नवभिर्भागे हृते पञ्चमी तारा प्रत्यरिः ।).
    -अर्कः a mock sun; parhelion.
    -अर्गलम् the rope by which a churning stick is moved.
    -अवयवम् ind.
    1 in every limb.
    -2 in every particular, in detail.
    1 lower, less honoured; पुरावरान् प्रत्यवरान् गरीयसः Mb.13.94.12.
    -2 very low or degrading, very insignificant; Ms.1.19.
    -अश्मन् m. red chalk.
    -अष्ठीला a kind of nervous disease.
    -अहम् ind. every day, daily; day by day; गिरिशमुपचचार प्रत्यहं सा सुकेशी Ku.1.6.
    -आकारः a scabbard, sheath.
    -आघातः 1 a counter-stroke.
    -2 reaction.
    -आचारः suitable conduct or behaviour.
    -आत्मम् ind. singly, severally.
    -आत्मक a. belonging to oneself.
    -आत्म्यम् similarity with oneself.
    -आत्मेन ind. after one's own image; स किंनरान् कुंपुरुषान् प्रत्यात्म्येना- सृजत् प्रभुः Bhāg.3.2.45.
    -आदित्यः a mock sun.
    -आरम्भः 1 recommencement, second beginning.
    -2 pro- hibition.
    -आर्द्र a. fresh.
    -आशा 1 hope, expectation; न यत्र प्रत्याशामनुपतति नो वा रहयति Māl.9.8.
    -2 trust, con- fidence.
    -आसङ्गः Connection, contact; अथ प्रत्यासङ्गः कमपि महिमानं वितरति Mv.1.12.
    -आस्वर 1 returning.
    -2 reflecting; Ch.Up.1.3.2.
    -आह्वयः echo, resonance; छाया प्रत्याह्वयाभासा ह्यसन्तो$प्यर्थकारिणः Bhāg.11.28.5.
    -उत्तरम् a reply, rejoinder.
    -उलूकः 1 a crow; मृत्युदूतः कपोतो$यमुलूकः कम्पयन्मनः । प्रत्युलूकश्च कुह्वानैरनिद्रौ शून्यमिच्छतः ॥ Bhāg.1.14.14.
    -2 a bird resembling an owl.
    -ऋचम् ind. in each Rik.
    -एक a. each, each one, every single one. (
    -कम्) ind.
    1 one at a time, severally; singly, in every one, to every one; oft. with the force of an adjective; विवेश दण्डकारण्यं प्रत्येकं च सतां मनः R.12.9. 'entered the mind of every good man'; 12.3;7.34; Ku.2.31.
    -एनस् m.
    1 an officer of justice (who punishes criminals); Bṛi. Up.4.3.7.
    -2 a heir responsible for the debts of the deceased; surety.
    -कञ्चुकः 1 an adversary.
    -2 a critic.
    -कण्ठम् ind.
    1 severally, one by one.
    -2 near the throat.
    -कलम् ind. constantly, perpetually.
    -कश a. not obeying the whip.
    -कष्ट a. comparatively bad.
    -कामिनी a female rival; Śi.
    -कायः 1 an effigy, image, picture, likeness.
    -2 an adversary; स वृषध्वजसायकावभिन्नं जयहेतुः प्रतिकाय- मेषणीयम् Ki.13.28.
    -3 a target, butt, mark.
    -कितवः an opponent in a game.
    -कुञ्जरः a hostile elephant.
    -कूपः a moat, ditch.
    -कूल a.
    1 unfavourable, adverse, contrary, hostile, opposite, प्रतिकूलतामुपगते हि विधौ विफलत्व- मेति बहुसाधनता Śi.9.6; Ku.3.24.
    -2 harsh, discordant. unpleasant, disagreeable; अप्यन्नपुष्टा प्रतिकूलशब्दा Ku.1. 45.
    -3 inauspicious.
    -4 contradictory.
    -5 reverse, inverted.
    -6 perverse, cross, peevish, stubborn. ˚आचार- णम्, ˚आचरितम् any offensive or hostile action or conduct; प्रतिकूलाचरितं क्षमख मे R.8.81. ˚उक्तम्, -क्तिः f. a contra- diction. ˚कारिन्, -कृत, -चारिन्, -वत्ति a. opposing. ˚दर्शन a. having an inauspicious or ungracious appearance. ˚प्रवर्तिन्, -वर्तिन् a. acting adversely, taking an adverse course. ˚भाषिन् a. opposing, contradicting. ˚वचनम् dis- agreeable or unpleasant speech. ˚वादः contradiction. (प्रतिकूलता, -त्वम् adverseness, opposition, hostility. प्रति- कूलयति 'to oppose'.).
    -कूल ind.
    1 adversely, contrarily.
    -2 inversely, in inverted order.
    -कूलय Den. P. to resist, oppose.
    -कूलिक a. hostile, inimical.
    -क्षणम् ind. at every moment or instant, constantly; प्रतिक्षणं संभ्रमलोलदृष्टि- र्लीलारविन्देन निवारयन्ती Ku.3.56.
    -क्षपम् ind. everynight.
    -गजः a hostile elephant
    -गात्रम् ind. in very limb.
    -गिरिः 1 an opposite mountain.
    -2 an inferior mountain.
    -गृहम्, -गेहम् ind. in every house.
    -ग्रामम् ind. in every village.
    -चक्रम् a hostile army.
    -चन्द्रः a mock moon; paraselene.
    -चरणम् ind.
    1 in every (Vedic) school or branch.
    -2 at every foot-step.
    -छाया, -यिका 1 a reflected image, reflection, shadow; रूपं प्रतिच्छायिक- योपनीतम् N.6.45.
    -2 an image, picture.
    -जङ्घा the forepart of the leg.
    -जिह्वा, -जिह्विका the soft palate,
    -तन्त्रम् ind. according to each Tantra or opinion.
    -तन्त्र- सिद्धान्तः a conclusion adopted by one of the disputants only; (वादिप्रतिवाद्येकतरमात्राभ्युपगतः).
    -त्र्यहम् ind. for three days at a time.
    -दण्ड a. Ved. disobedient.
    -दिनम् ind. every day; राशीभूतः प्रतिदिनमिव त्र्यम्बकस्याट्टहासः Me.6.
    -दिशम् ind. in every direction, all round, every- where.
    -दूतः a messenger sent in return.
    -देवता a corresponding deity; गताः कलाः पञ्चदश प्रतिष्ठा देवाश्च सर्वे प्रतिदेवतासु Muṇḍa.3.2.7.
    -देशम् ind. in every country.
    -देहम् ind. in every body.
    -दैवतम् ind. for every deity.
    -द्वन्द्वः 1 an antagonist, opponent, adversary, rival.
    -2 an enemy. (
    -द्वम्) opposition, hostility.
    -द्वन्द्विन् a.
    1 hostile, inimical.
    -2 adverse (प्रतिकूल); कृतान्तदुर्वृत्त इवापरेषां पुरः प्रतिद्वन्द्विनि पाण्डवास्त्रे Ki.16.29.
    -3 rivalling, vying with; किसलयोद्भेदप्रतिद्वन्दिभिः (करतलैः) Ś.4.5. (-m.) an opponent, adversary, rival; तुल्यप्रति- द्वन्द्वि बभूव युद्धम् R.7.37.;15.25.
    -द्वारम् ind. at every gate.
    -धुरः a horse harnessed by the side of another.
    -नप्तृ m. great-grandson, a son's grandson.
    -नव a.
    1 new, young, fresh.
    -2 newly blown budded; सान्ध्यं तेजः प्रतिनवजपापुष्परक्तं दधानः Me.38.
    -नाडी a branch-vein.
    -नायकः the adversary of the hero of any poetic com- position; धीरोद्धतः पापकारी व्यसनी प्रतिनायकः S. D., as रावण in the Rāmāyaṇa, शिशुपाल in Māgha-Kāvya &c.
    -नारी, -पत्नी, -युवतिः a female rival; Śi.7.45.
    -निनादः = प्रतिध्वनिः q. v.
    -न्यायम् ind. in inverted order; पुनः प्रतिन्यायं प्रतियोन्याद्रवति स्वप्नायैव Bṛi. Up.4.3.15.
    -पक्ष a. like, similar.
    (-क्षः) 1 the opposite side, party or faction, hostility; विमृश्य पक्षप्रतिपक्षाभ्यामवधारणं नियमः Gaut. S,
    -2 an adversary, enemy, foe, rival; प्रति- पक्षकामिनी, -लक्ष्मी 'a rival wife'; Bv.2.64; दासीकृतायाः प्रति- पक्षलक्ष्याः Vikr.1.73; प्रतिपक्षमशक्तेन प्रतिकर्तुम् K. P.1; Vikr.1.7; often used in comp. in the sense of 'equal' or 'similar'.
    -3 remedy, expiation; यादवस्य पापस्य प्रतिपक्षमुपदिशामि Nāg.5.
    -4 a defendant or respondent (in law). ˚ता
    1 hostility, opposition.
    -2 obstacle.
    -पक्षित a.
    1 containing a contradiction.
    -2 nullified by a contradictory premise; (as a hetu in न्याय); cf. सत्प्रतिपक्ष.
    -पक्षिन् m. an opponent, adversary.
    -पण्यम् merchandise in exchange; Buddh.
    -प्रथम् ind. along the road, towards the way; प्रतिपथगतिरासीद् वेगदीर्घीकृताङ्गः Ku.3.76.
    -पदम् ind.
    1 at evry stop.
    -2 at every place, everywhere.
    -3 expressly.
    -4 in every word; प्रतिपदाख्याने तु गौरवं परिहरद्भिर्वृत्तिकारैः सर्वसामान्यः शब्दः प्रति- गृहीतः प्रकृतिवदिति ŚB. on MS.8.1.2.
    -पल्लवः an opposite or outstretched branch; R.
    -पाणः 1 a stake.
    -2 a counter-pledge.
    -3 a counter-stake; Mb.3.
    -पादम् ind. in each quarter.
    -पात्रम् ind. with regard to each part, of each character; प्रतिपात्रमाधीयतां यत्नः Ś.1 'let care be taken of each character'.
    -पादपम् ind. in every tree.
    -पाप a. returning sin for sin, requiting evil for evil.
    -पु(पू)रुषः 1 a like or similar man.
    -2 a substitute, deputy.
    -3 a companion.
    -4 the effigy of a man pushed by thieves into the interior of a house before entering it themselves (to ascertain if any body is awake).
    -5 an effigy in general. (
    -षम्) ind. man by man, for each man.
    -पुस्तकम् a copy of an original manuscript.
    -पूर्वाह्णम् ind. every forenoon.
    -प्रति a. counter-balancing, equal to.
    -प्रभातम् ind. every morning.
    -प्रसवः 1 (As opposed to अनुप्रसव) tracing causes back to the origin as -- a pot, a lump of mud, mud, clay, Pātañjala Yogadarśana.
    -2 Negation of (or exception to) a negation. The force of a प्रतिप्रसव is positive, limiting as it does the scope of a प्रतिषेध or negation. Hence it is just the opposite of परिसंख्या whose force is negative or exclusive since it limits the scope of a positive statement. प्रतिप्रसवो$यं न परिसंख्या ŚB. on MS.1.7.45.
    -प्रकारः an outer wall or rampart.
    -प्रियम् a kindness or service in return; प्रतिप्रियं चेद् भवतो न कुर्यां वृथा हि मे स्यात् स्वपदोपलब्धिः R.5.56.
    -बन्धुः an equal in rank or station; Mb.5.121.13.
    -बलः a.
    1 able, powerful.
    -2 equal in strength, equally matched or powerful.
    (-लम्) 1 a hostile army; अस्त्रज्वालावलीढप्रतिबलजलधेरन्तरौर्वायमाणे Ve.3.7.
    -2 strength.
    -बाहु 1 the forepart of the arm.
    -2 an opposite side (in a square or polygon).
    -बि (वि) म्बः, -म्बम् 1 a reflection, reflected image; ज्योतिषां प्रतिबिम्बानि प्राप्नु- वन्त्युपहारताम् Ku.6.42; Śi.9.18.
    -2 an image, a picture.
    -बीजम् a rotten seed.
    -भट a. vying with, rivalling; घटप्रतिभटस्तनि N.13.5.
    (-टः) 1 a rival, an opponent; निवासः कन्दर्पप्रतिभटजटाजूटभवने G. L.21.
    -2 a warrior on the opposite side; समालोक्याजौ त्वां विदधति विकल्पान् प्रतिभटाः K. P.1.
    -भय a.
    1 fearful, formidable, terrible, frightful.
    -2 dangerous; स्वगृहोद्यानगते$पि स्निग्धैः पापं विशङ्क्यते मोहात् । किमु दृष्टबह्वपायप्रतिभयकान्तारमध्यस्थे ॥ Pt.2.171; Nāg.5.1.; Bhāg.1.6.14. (
    -यम्) a danger; सुनन्द, श्रुतं मया संनिहितगरुडप्रतिभयमुद्देशं जामाता जीमूतवाहनो गतः Nāg.5.
    -भैरव a. dreadful.
    -मञ्चः a kind of measure (in music.)
    -मञ्चाः Platforms opposite to each other; दशभागिकौ द्वौ प्रतिमञ्चौ Kau. A.2.3.21.
    -मण्डलम् 1 a secondary disc (of the sun &c.).
    -2 an eccentric orbit.
    -मन्दिरम् ind. in every house.
    -मल्लः an antagonist, a rival; उपेयिवांसं प्रतिमल्लतां रयस्मये जितस्य प्रसभं गरुत्मतः N.1.63; पातालप्रतिमल्लगल्ल &c. Māl.5.22.
    -मानना worship (पूजा); स्पर्शमशुचिवपुरर्हति न प्रतिमाननां तु नितरां नृपोचिताम् Śi.15.35.
    -माया a counter-spell or charm; प्रतिमाया कृतं च तत् Mb.1.34.22.
    -मार्गः the way back; Mb.4.
    -मार्गम् ind. back, back- wards.
    -माला capping verses (Mar. भंडी).
    -मासम् ind. every month, monthly.
    -मित्रम् an enemy, adversary.
    -मुख a. standing before the face, facing; प्रतिमुखागत Ms.8.291.
    -2 near, present. (
    -खम्) a secondary plot or incident in a drama which tends either to hasten or retard the catastrophe; see S. D.334 and 351-364. (
    -खम्) ind.
    1 towards.
    -2 in front, before.
    -मुखरी a particular mode of drumming.
    -मुद्रा 1 a counter- seal.
    -2 the impression of a seal.
    -मुहूर्तम् ind. every moment.
    -मूर्तिः f. an image, a likeness.
    -मूषिका f. a musk-rat (Mar. चिचुंदरी).
    -यूथपः the leader of a hostile herd of elephants.
    -रथः an adversary in war (lit. in fighting in a war-chariot); दौष्यन्तिमप्रतिरथं तनयं निवेश्य Ś.4.2.
    -रथ्यम् in every road; अस्मिन् नगरे प्रतिरथ्यं भुजङ्गबद्धसंचारे Udb.
    -रवः, -ध्वनिः 1 an echo; प्रतिरवविततो वनानि चक्रे Ki.1.4.
    -2 quarrel; controversy.
    -3 (Ved.) life (प्राण).
    -रसितम् an echo; केनास्मत् सिंह- नादप्रतिरसितसखो दुन्दुभिस्ताड्यते$यम् Ve.1.22.
    -राजः a hostile king.
    -रात्रम् ind. every night.
    -रूप a.
    1 corresponding, similar, having a counter-part in; अग्निर्यथैको भुवनं प्रविष्टो रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव Kaṭh.2.2.9.
    -2 beautiful.
    -3 suitable, proper; इदं न प्रतिरूपं ते स्त्रीष्वदाक्षिण्यमीदृशम् Bu. Ch.4.66; आत्मनः प्रतिरूपं सा बभाषे चारुहासिनी Rām.4. 19.17.
    -4 facing (अभिमुख); प्रतिरूपं जनं कुर्यान्न चेत् तद् वर्तते यथा Mb.12.97.16 (com. प्रतिरूपं युद्धाभिमुखम्).
    (-पम्) 1 a picture, an image, a likeness.
    -2 a mirror-like reflecting object; अदर्शनं स्वशिरसः प्रतिरूपे च सत्यपि Bhāg. 1.42.28.
    -4 an object of comparison (उपमान); भवान्मे खलु भक्तानां सर्वेषां प्रतिरूपधृक् Bhāg.7.1.21.
    -रूपक a. resembling, similar (at the end of comp.); जहीमान् राक्षसान् पापानात्मनः प्रतिरूपकान् Mb.3.29.11; चेष्टाप्रतिरूपिका मनोवृत्तिः Ś.1.
    (-कम्) 1 a picture, an image; अग्निदैर्गर- दैश्चैव प्रतिरूपककारकैः Mb.12.59.49.
    -2 a forged edict; जर्जरं चास्य विषयं कुर्वन्ति प्रतिरूपकैः Mb.12.56.52.
    -3 a reflec- tion.
    -लक्षणम् a mark, sign, token.
    -लिपिः f. a tran- script, a written copy.
    -लेखः a writ of reply; प्रावृत्तिकश्च प्रतिलेख एव Kau. A.2.1.28.
    -लोम a.
    1 'against the hair or grain', contray to the natural order, inverted, reverse (opp. अनुलोम); नववर्षसहस्राक्षः प्रतिलोमो$भवद् गुरुः Bhāg.12.14.15.
    -2 contrary to caste (said of the issue of a woman who is of a higher caste than her husband).
    -3 hostile.
    -4 low, vile, base.
    -5 left (वाम).
    -6 obstinate, perverse; अपरिचितस्यापि ते$प्रतिलोमः संवृत्तः Ś.7.
    -7 disagreeable, unpleasant. (
    -मम्) any injurious or unpleasant act. (
    -मम्) ind. 'against the hair or grain', inversely, invertedly. ˚ज a. born in the inverse order of the castes; i. e. born of a mother who is of a higher caste than the father; cf. Ms.1.16,25.
    -लोमक a. reverse, inverted; राजन्यविप्रयोः कस्माद् विवाहः प्रतिलोमकः Bhāg.9.18.5.
    -कम् inverted order.
    -लोमतः ind.
    1 in consequence of the inverted order or course; Ms.1.68.
    -2 in an unfriendly manner; यदा बहुविधां वृद्धिं मन्येत प्रतिलोमतः Mb.12.13.39.
    -वत्सरम् ind. every year.
    -वनम् ind. in every forest.
    -वर्णिक a. similar, corresponding.
    -वर्धिन् a. being a match for.
    -वर्षम् ind. every year.
    -वस्तु n.
    1 an equivalent, a counter- part.
    -2 anything given in return.
    -3 a parallel. ˚उपमा a figure of speech thus defined by Mammaṭa:-- प्रतिवस्तूपमा तु सा ॥ सामान्यस्य द्विरेकस्य यत्र वाक्यद्वये स्थितिः । K. P.1; e. g. तापेन भ्राजते सूर्यः शूरश्चापेन राजते Chandr.5. 48.
    -वातः a contrary wind; प्रतिवाते$नुवाते च नासीत गुरुणा सह Ms.2.23. (
    -तम्) ind. against the wind; चीनांशुक- मिव केतोः प्रतिवातं नीयमानस्य Ś.1.33.
    -वारणः a hostile elephant.
    -वासरम् ind. every day.
    -विटपम् ind.
    1 on every branch.
    -2 branch by branch.
    -विषम् an anti- dote. (
    -षा) a birch tree.
    -विष्णुकः a Muchakunda tree.
    -वीरः an opponent, antagonist.
    -वीर्यम् being equal to or a match for.
    -वृषः a hostile bull.
    -वेलम् ind. at each time, on every occasion.
    -वेशः 1 a neighbouring house, neighbourhood.
    -2 a neighbour.
    -वेशिन् a. a neigh- bour; दृष्ट्वा प्रभातसमये प्रतिवेशिवर्गः Mk.3.14.
    -वेश्मन् n. a neighbour's house.
    -वेश्यः a neighbour.
    -वैरम् re- quital of hostilities revenge.
    -शब्दः 1 echo, reverbera- tion; वसुधाधरकन्दराभिसर्पी प्रतिशब्दो$पि हरेर्भिनत्ति नागान् V. 1.16; Ku.6.64; R.2.28.
    -2 a roar.
    -शशिन् m. a mock-moon.
    -शाखम् ind. for every branch or school (of the Veda).
    -शाखा a side-branch; महाभूतविशेषश्च विशेषप्रतिशाखवान् Mb.14.35.21.
    -संवत्सरम् ind. every year.
    -सङ्गक्षिका 1 a cloak to keep off the dust; Buddh.
    -संदेशः a reply to the message; दर्पसारस्य प्रति- संदेशमावेदयत् D. K.2.1.
    -सम a. equal to, a match for.
    -सव्य a. in an inverted order.
    -सामन्तः an enemy.
    -सायम् ind. every evening.
    -सूर्यः, -सूर्यकः 1 a mock-sun.
    -2 a lizard, chameleon; 'कृकलासस्तु सरटः प्रतिसूर्यः शयानकः ।' Hemchandra; तृष्यद्भिः प्रतिसूर्यकैरजगरस्वेदद्रवः पीयते U.2.16.
    -सेना, सैन्यम् a hostile army; निहतां प्रतिसैन्येन वडवामिव पातिताम् Rām.2.114.17.
    -स्थानम् ind. in every place, everywhere.
    -स्मृतिः N. of parti- cular kind of magic; गृहाणेमां मया प्रोक्तां सिद्धिं मूर्तिमतीमिव । विद्यां प्रतिस्मृतिं नाम Mb.3.36.3.
    -स्रोतस् ind. against the stream; सरस्वतीं प्रतिस्रोतं ययौ ब्राह्मणसंवृतः Bhāg.1.78. 18. -a. going against the stream; अथासाद्य तु कालिन्दी प्रतिस्रोतः समागताम् Rām.2.55.5.
    -हस्तः, -हस्तकः a deputy, an agent, substitute, proxy; आश्रितानां भृतौ स्वामिसेवायां धर्मसेवने । पुत्रस्योत्पादने चैव न सन्ति प्रतिहस्तकाः ॥ H.2.33.
    -हस्तीकृ to take; Pratijñā 3.
    -हस्तिन् the keeper of a brothel; Dk.2.2.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > प्रति _prati

  • 5 hinter

    I Präp.
    1. (+ Dat) behind, at the back of; NAUT. aft of, astern of; (nach) after; hinter... her behind...; hinter... hervor from behind...; hinter meinem Rücken auch fig. behind my back; einer hinter dem anderen one behind the other; sie kommt gleich hinter mir she is right behind me; zehn Kilometer hinter Köln / der Grenze ten kilomet|res (Am. -ers) after Cologne / beyond the border; hinter sich lassen (Ort etc.) leave behind; (jemanden) in Wettrennen etc.: leave behind, outdistance; fig. (übertreffen) leave behind, outstrip
    2. (+ Akk) behind; hinter das Haus gehen go behind the house; sieh hinter dich! look behind you!
    3. (+ Dat) zeitlich: weit zurückreichen hinter go way back to before; zehn Minuten hinter der Zeit sein Dial. be ten minutes late
    4. fig.: hinter etw. (Akk) kommen find out about s.th., find s.th. out; (verstehen) get the hang of; hinter jemandem/etw. her sein be after s.o./s.th.; hinter etw. (Dat) stecken be at the bottom of ( oder behind); hinter etw. (Dat) stehen be behind; (unterstützen) auch back; sich hinter jemanden/etw. stellen get behind, support; hinter sich (Akk) bringen get s.th. over (and done) with; (Strecke) cover; jemanden hinter sich (Dat) haben have s.o. behind one; etw. hinter sich (Dat) haben (erledigt haben) have got s.th. out of the way ( oder over [and done] with); (mitgemacht haben) have been through s.th.; viel hinter sich (Dat) haben have been through a lot; er hat gerade eine Niereninfektion hinter sich he’s just got over a kidney infection; das Schlimmste haben wir hinter uns we’ve got over the worst part (of it), we’re out of the wood(s) now; sich hinter etw. (Akk) machen get down to; nicht zurückstehen hinter (+ Dat) be just as good as; zurückstehen müssen hinter (+ Dat) have to take second place to; Person: auch have to play second fiddle to; dahinter
    II Adv. bes. südd., österr. (nach hinten) to the back; (herunter) down
    * * *
    behind of (Präp.); hind (Adj.); abaft (Präp.); at the back of (Präp.); after (Präp.); behind (Präp.); posterior (Adj.); rearward (Adj.); rear (Adj.); back (Adj.)
    * * *
    hịn|ter ['hɪntɐ]
    prep +dat or (mit Bewegungsverben) +acc
    1) (räumlich) behind

    hinter jdm/etw her — behind sb/sth

    hinter die Wahrheit kommen — to get to the truth

    sich hinter jdn stellen (lit) — to stand behind sb; (fig) to support sb, to get behind sb

    hinter jdm/etw stehen (lit, fig) — to be behind sb/sth

    hinter dem Hügel/der Tür hervor — (out) from behind the hill/door

    lassen — to leave sb far behind; (im Rennen auch) to outdistance sb

    verbergen — to be or lie behind sth

    2) +dat (= nach) after

    vier Kilometer hinter Glasgow/hinter der Grenze — four kilometres (Brit) or kilometers (US) outside Glasgow/beyond the border

    er ist hinter mir dran — it's his turn after me

    3) +dat (in Rangfolge) after; (in Bedeutung) behind

    ich stelle das Privatleben hinter der Arbeit zurück — I put my work before my private life

    4)

    das Schlimmste haben wir hinter uns — we're past the worst, we are over the worst

    bringen — to get sth over (and done) with; Strecke to cover sth; Arbeit to get sth done

    machen — to get down to sth

    See:
    5)
    See:
    = dahinter
    * * *
    1) (behind: Shut the door after you!) after
    2) ((American) behind: He parked back of the store.) back of
    3) (at or towards the back of: behind the door.) behind
    4) (remaining after: The tourists left their litter behind them.) behind
    * * *
    hin·ter
    [ˈhɪntɐ]
    I. präp + dat
    1. (an der Rückseite) behind, esp AM also back of
    jdn \hinter sich haben (fig) to have sb's backing [or support]
    \hinter dem [o (fam) hinterm] Haus behind [or at the back of] the house
    \hinter jdm hergehen/herlaufen to walk/run behind sb
    \hinter etw hervortreten to step out from behind sth
    jdn/etw \hinter sich lassen to leave sb/sth behind
    \hinter dem Lenkrad sitzen to be at the wheel
    \hinter jdm stehen (fig) to be behind sb, to back [or support] sb
    \hinter etw stehen (fig) to support sth
    eine Strecke \hinter sich haben to have come/gone a distance
    die Tür \hinter sich schließen to close the door behind [or after] one
    sich akk \hinter etw verbergen (fig) to hide behind sth
    2. (am Ende) at the end of
    3. (jenseits) beyond
    der nächste Halt \hinter Kamen the next stop after Kamen
    \hinter dem Berg on the other side of the mountain
    \hinter der Grenze on the other side of [or beyond] the border
    zehn Kilometer \hinter Berlin machten wir eine Pause ten kilometres out of Berlin we had a break
    \hinter den Anforderungen zurückbleiben to not live up to requirements
    \hinter der Entwicklung zurückbleiben to be underdeveloped
    \hinter den Erwartungen zurückbleiben to not live up to [or fall short of] expectations/requirements
    jdn/etw [weit] \hinter sich lassen to leave sb/sth in the dust
    \hinter der Zeit zurückbleiben to be behind the times
    \hinter jdm zurückstehen to lag behind sb
    6. (als erlebt)
    eine Arbeit \hinter sich haben to have got a job over [and done] with
    eine Enttäuschung \hinter sich haben to have got over a disappointment
    viele Enttäuschungen \hinter sich haben to have had [or experienced] many disappointments
    eine Krankheit \hinter sich haben to have got over an illness; (ernsthaft a.) to have pulled through [or BRIT also round]
    das Studium \hinter sich haben to have finished [or completed] one's studies
    etw liegt [weit] \hinter jdm sb has [long] got over sth
    7. (nach) after
    \hinter jdm an die Reihe kommen to come after sb
    8. (als Ursache) behind
    sich akk \hinter etw verbergen to lie behind sth
    9. (verstellt als) behind, beneath
    sich akk \hinter etw verbergen to lie concealed behind sth
    10.
    ▶ \hinter jdm/etw her sein to be after sb/sth
    II. präp + akk
    1. (auf die Rückseite) behind
    \hinter etw fallen to fall behind [or down the back of] sth
    \hinter das [o (fam) hinters] Haus behind [or to the back of] the house
    sich akk \hinter jdn stellen (fig) to stand [or get] behind sb, to support sb
    sich akk \hinter etw stellen (fig) to support sth
    2. (ans Ende) after
    ein Punkt wird immer \hinter einen Satz gesetzt a sentence always ends in a full stop
    [in etw dat] \hinter jdn zurückfallen to fall behind [sb], to fall behind with sth
    etw \hinter sich bringen to get sth over [and done] with
    5. (vorher)
    \hinter etw gehen [o reichen] to go [or reach] back to before sth
    die Probleme reichten bis \hinter den 2. Weltkrieg zurück the problems reached back to pre-war days [or to before the war
    \hinter etw kommen to find out about sth; Rätsel to get to the bottom of sth
    \hinter ein Geheimnis kommen to uncover [or sep find out] a secret
    \hinter die Wahrheit kommen to get to the truth
    III. adv SÜDD, ÖSTERR (nach hinten)
    er ging \hinter in den Garten he went out into the garden
    IV. part (fam) s. dahinter
    * * *
    1.

    hinter dem Haus — behind or at the back of the house

    hinter jemandem stehen — (fig.) be behind somebody; back or support somebody

    hinter etwas (Dat.) stehen — (fig.) support something

    jemanden hinter sich haben — (fig.) have somebody's backing

    die nächste Station hinter Mannheim — the next stop after Mannheim

    hinter der Entwicklung/der Zeit zurückbleiben — lag behind in development/be behind in times

    2)

    eine Prüfung/Aufgabe hinter sich haben — (fig.) have got an examination/a job over [and done] with

    viele Enttäuschungen/eine Krankheit hinter sich haben — have experienced many disappointments/have got over an illness

    2.
    2)

    etwas hinter sich bringen — get something over [and done] with

    3) (fig.)

    hinter ein Geheimnis/die Wahrheit/seine Geschichte kommen — find out a secret/get to the truth/get to the bottom of his story

    * * *
    A. präp
    1. (+dat) behind, at the back of; SCHIFF aft of, astern of; (nach) after;
    hinter … her behind …;
    hinter … hervor from behind …;
    hinter meinem Rücken auch fig behind my back;
    einer hinter dem anderen one behind the other;
    sie kommt gleich hinter mir she is right behind me;
    zehn Kilometer hinter Köln/der Grenze ten kilometres (US -ers) after Cologne/beyond the border;
    hinter sich lassen (Ort etc) leave behind; (jemanden) in Wettrennen etc: leave behind, outdistance; fig (übertreffen) leave behind, outstrip
    2. (+akk) behind;
    hinter das Haus gehen go behind the house;
    sieh hinter dich! look behind you!
    3. (+dat) zeitlich:
    weit zurückreichen hinter go way back to before;
    zehn Minuten hinter der Zeit sein dial be ten minutes late
    4. fig:
    hinter etwas (akk)
    kommen find out about sth, find sth out; (verstehen) get the hang of;
    hinter jemandem/etwas
    her sein be after sb/sth;
    hinter etwas (dat)
    stecken be at the bottom of ( oder behind);
    hinter etwas (dat)
    stehen be behind; (unterstützen) auch back;
    sich hinter jemanden/etwas
    stellen get behind, support;
    hinter sich (akk)
    bringen get sth over (and done) with; (Strecke) cover;
    haben have sb behind one;
    haben (erledigt haben) have got sth out of the way ( oder over [and done] with); (mitgemacht haben) have been through sth;
    haben have been through a lot;
    er hat gerade eine Niereninfektion hinter sich he’s just got over a kidney infection;
    das Schlimmste haben wir hinter uns we’ve got over the worst part (of it), we’re out of the wood(s) now;
    sich hinter etwas (akk)
    machen get down to;
    nicht zurückstehen hinter (+dat) be just as good as;
    zurückstehen müssen hinter (+dat) have to take second place to; Person: auch have to play second fiddle to; → dahinter
    B. adv besonders südd, österr (nach hinten) to the back; (herunter) down
    hinter…1 adj; nur attr; rear, back; Beine, Hufe, Pfoten etc: hind; SCHIFF, Luke etc: aft; fachspr posterior;
    hinteres Ende far end;
    die hinteren Bänke the back benches;
    die hinteren Räume etc auch the rooms etc at the back ( oder rear);
    die hinteren Wagen BAHN the rear coaches;
    die Hinteren those ( oder the ones) at the back; → hinterst…
    hinter…2 im v; trennb; besonders südd, österr umg
    1. (nach hinten) to the back; (herunter) down
    2. → hinunter…
    * * *
    1.

    hinter dem Haus — behind or at the back of the house

    hinter jemandem stehen — (fig.) be behind somebody; back or support somebody

    hinter etwas (Dat.) stehen — (fig.) support something

    jemanden hinter sich haben — (fig.) have somebody's backing

    hinter der Entwicklung/der Zeit zurückbleiben — lag behind in development/be behind in times

    2)

    eine Prüfung/Aufgabe hinter sich haben — (fig.) have got an examination/a job over [and done] with

    viele Enttäuschungen/eine Krankheit hinter sich haben — have experienced many disappointments/have got over an illness

    2.
    2)

    etwas hinter sich bringen — get something over [and done] with

    3) (fig.)

    hinter ein Geheimnis/die Wahrheit/seine Geschichte kommen — find out a secret/get to the truth/get to the bottom of his story

    * * *
    präp.
    abaft prep.
    behind prep.
    rearward adj., adv.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > hinter

  • 6 over

    above, across, after, in excess of, for, of, over, past
    * * *
    I. præp
    a) ( udbredt over, hen(ne)over, lige over) over ( fx a rug lying over the sofa; pull a blanket over somebody; hold an umbrella over somebody's head; roast something over a slow fire);
    [( om brøk:) 13 / 7 = 13 over 7] 13 over 7;
    b) ( oven over, hævet over, højere end) above ( fx the stars above us; 500 ft. above sea level; a general is above a colonel in rank); c) ( tværs over) across ( fx a bridge across the river; run across the street);
    ( hen over) over ( fx walk over the moor; pass over the frontier); d) ( via) via ( fx to London via Esbjerg); by (way of); through ( fx
    through York to London, not through Leeds);
    e) ( ud over) beyond ( fx pass beyond this line; go beyond that price; far beyond his expectations);
    f) ( mere end) over, above ( fx over 5 miles long; above (el. over) 200 members; 10 degrees above zero; he is over 50);
    g) ( om klokkeslæt) past ( fx it is a quarter (, five, ten,
    twenty(-five)) past ten; it is three (, nine, twelve etc) minutes past ten; it was past (el. after) ten o'clock);
    (am) after;
    h) ( herskende over) over ( fx these people want a strong man over them); i) ( på grund af) at ( fx angry, astonished, disappointed, impatient, offended at something), about ( fx angry, annoyed, anxious about something), with ( fx pleased with something; disappointed with somebody), of ( fx glad, proud of something; complain of something); j) ( angående) on ( fx lecture on Dickens);
    k) ( om præg, egenskab) about ( fx there is something nervous (, aristocratic) about him).
    II. adv over;
    ( tværs over) across;
    ( itu) in two;
    [ klippe (, skære) over] cut through, cut in two;
    [ over for] opposite, facing ( fx he sat opposite (el. facing) me),
    ( stående over for) in the face of ( fx his courage in the face of difficulties), face to face with ( fx an opponent);
    ( imod) towards ( fx their attitude towards the Government), to ( fx
    his kindness to me; be responsible to somebody), with ( fx be
    frank (, gentle, strict) with somebody);

    Danish-English dictionary > over

  • 7 выходить

    выйти
    1. (в разн. знач.) go* out; (из вагона и т. п.) alight, get* out

    выходить из дому — go* out (of the house), leave* the house

    выходить на улицу — go* into the street; go* out of doors (особ. погулять)

    выходить на работу — come* to work; turn up for work

    выходить в море — put* to sea, put* out

    выходить на границу, на рубеж, в район воен. — reach the frontier, the line, the area

    выходить с боями — fight* one's way

    выходить из боя — break* off the fight, disengage, come* out of action

    выходить на вызовы театр. — take* one's curtain call

    2. (появляться, быть изданным) appear, be / come* out, be published; (о приказе и т. п.) be issued

    выходить в свет — appear, be out, be published

    книга выйдет на будущей неделе — the book will be out, или be on sale, next week

    3. (расходоваться; кончаться) run* out; (тк. о сроке) be up

    у него вышли все деньги — (all) his money has run out, he has run out of (all his) money, he has spent all his money

    у него вышла вся бумага — his paper has run out, he has run out of, или has used up, all his paper

    из этого ничего не выйдет — nothing will come of it, it will come to nothing

    вышло, что — it turned out that, it appeared that

    отсюда и вышли все неприятности — this was the origin / cause of all the unpleasantness

    из него выйдет хороший инженер — he will make / be a good* engineer

    его доклад вышел очень интересным — his lecture was, или proved, extremely interesting

    всё вышло хорошо — everything has turned out well*, или all right

    это плохо вышло — it has turned out badly*

    6. (быть родом, происходить) be by origin; come*, be

    он вышел из крестьян, из рабочих — he is a peasant, a worker by origin

    он вышел из народа — he is a man* of the people

    7. (из; выбывать из состава) leave* (d.), drop out (of)
    8. тк. несов. (на вн.; быть обращённым в какую-л. сторону) look (on, towards), face (d.), front (d.); (тк. об окнах) open (on), give* (on)

    окно выходит в сад — the window opens, или looks out, on the garden

    ♢ выйти в люди — make* one's way (in life); get* on in the world

    выходить в тираж (об облигации и т. п.) — be drawn; (перен.) have served one's time; take* a back number разг.

    выходить замуж (за вн.) — marry (d.)

    выходить за пределы (рд.) — overstep the limits (of), exceed the bounds (of)

    выходить из возраста (для чего-л.) — be too old (for smth.), pass the age, exceed the age limit; (для военной службы и т. п.) be over age

    выходить из моды — go* out of fashion

    выходить из употребления, из обихода — be no longer in use, fall* into disuse, go* out of use; become* obsolete

    выходить из себя — lose* one's temper, fly* into a rage; be beside oneself

    выходить наружу — be revealed, come* to light; come* out into the open

    выходит (, что) — it seems (that), it appears (that), it follows (that)

    выходит, он был неправ — it seems he was wrong, he seems to have been wrong

    он ростом не вышел разг. — he is anything but tall, he is short

    1. сов. см. выхаживать I, II 2. сов. см. выхаживать I, II

    Русско-английский словарь Смирнитского > выходить

  • 8 выходить

    I выход`ить
    несов. - выходи́ть, сов. - вы́йти
    1) (из; оставлять пределы чего-л) go out (of); leave (d); (из вагона и т.п.) alight (from), get out (of)

    вы́йдите (отсю́да)! — leave this place!

    выходить и́з дому — go out (of the house), leave the house

    выходить с боя́ми из окруже́ния — fight one's way out of encirclement

    2) (из; прекращать участие) leave (d)

    выходить из соста́ва (рд.) — leave (d), withdraw (from); drop out (of)

    выходить из федера́ции — secede from the federation

    выходить из игры́ — drop out of the game

    выходить из па́ртии — stop / discontinue one's membership of a party

    выходить из бо́я — break off the fight, disengage, come out of action

    выходить из войны́ — drop out of the war

    выходить из сети́ информ. — log out / off (from the network)

    3) (приходить куда-л, появляться) go; come; appear

    выходить на у́лицу — go into the street; ( погулять) go out of doors

    выходить на рабо́ту — come to work; turn up for work

    выходить на вы́зовы театр — take one's curtain call

    4) ( отправляться) leave; depart

    выходить в похо́д — set out on a walking trip

    выходить в мо́ре — put to sea, put out

    5) (куда́-л; достигать) reach (d); attain (d); come (to)

    выходить на грани́цу [к рубежу́, в райо́н] воен. — reach the frontier [line, area]

    выходить на но́вые рубежи́ — reach new frontiers

    6) (на вн.; приближаться к чему-л) come close [-s] (to); approach (d)

    они вы́шли на реше́ние зада́чи — they have come close to a solution

    7) (на вн.; переходить к чему-л, начинать что-л) start (d), initiate (d); switch over (to)

    вы́йти на но́вую схе́му произво́дственного проце́сса — adopt [switch over to] a new process layout

    8) (на вн.; получать доступ) access (d), come into contact (with)

    он вы́шел на мини́стра — he gained access to the minister

    9) ( издаваться) appear, be / come out, be published; (о приказе и т.п.) be issued

    выходить в свет — appear, be out, be published

    кни́га вы́йдет на бу́дущей неде́ле — the book will be out next week

    10) (расходоваться; кончаться) run out; (тк. о сроке) be up

    у него́ вы́шли все де́ньги — (all) his money has run out, he has run out of (all his) money, he has spent all his money

    у него́ вы́шла вся бума́га — his paper has run out, he has run out of paper

    срок выхо́дит — time is running out

    срок уже́ вы́шел — time is up

    11) (из чего́-л; получаться в результате) come (to), come out (of)

    из э́того ничего́ не вы́йдет — nothing will come out of it, it will come to nothing

    вы́шло совсе́м не так — it turned out quite different

    отсю́да и вы́шли все неприя́тности — this was the origin / cause of all our problems

    его́ докла́д вы́шел о́чень интере́сным — his lecture proved very interesting

    всё вы́шло хорошо́ — everything has turned out well [all right]

    из э́той мате́рии вы́шло о́чень краси́вое пла́тье — that material made a very pretty dress

    12) (из кого́-л; формироваться, приобретать какие-л качества) make, be, become

    из него́ вы́йдет хоро́ший инжене́р — he will make / be a good engineer

    13) (быть родом, происходить) come (from)

    он вы́шел из крестья́н — he has a rural background, he comes from a peasant family

    он вы́шел из наро́да — he comes from a family of common people; he comes from the thick of the people

    14) тк. несов. (куда́-л; быть обращённым в какую-л сторону) look (on, towards), face (d), front (d); (тк. об окнах) open (on), give (on)

    ко́мната выхо́дит о́кнами на у́лицу — the room overlooks the street

    ко́мната выхо́дит о́кнами на юг — the room looks south

    окно́ выхо́дит в сад — the window opens [looks out] on the garden

    ••

    вы́йти в лю́ди — make one's way (in life); get on in the world

    выходить в отста́вку — retire

    выходить в тира́ж — 1) (об облигации и т.п.) be drawn 2) тк. сов. разг. ( отойти от дел) have served one's time, retire from the scene; take a back number разг. 3) ( устаревать) become obsolete / out-of-date

    выходить за́муж (за вн.) — marry (d)

    выходить за преде́лы (рд.) — overstep the limits (of), exceed the bounds (of)

    выходить из берего́в — overflow the banks

    выходить из во́зраста (для) — be too old (for), be past the age (when), exceed the age limit (for); (для военной службы и т.п.) be over age

    э́то не выходило у него́ из головы́ — he could not get it out of his head

    выходить из мо́ды — go out of fashion

    выходить из употребле́ния [обихо́да] — be no longer in use [-s], fall into disuse [-s], go out of use; become obsolete

    выходить из стро́я — fail, break down

    выходить из положе́ния — find a way out

    выходить из себя́ — lose one's temper, fly into a rage; be beside oneself

    выходить из терпе́ния — lose patience

    выходить нару́жу — be revealed, come to light; come out into the open

    выходить на связь — establish contact; ( по радио) go on the air ( for a radio contact)

    само́ собо́й вы́шло — it came about quite naturally

    он ро́стом не вы́шел разг. — he is anything but tall, he is short

    был, да весь вы́шел погов. — ≈ there's none left of what there used to be

    как бы чего́ не вы́шло! — you never know what might happen!

    он бои́тся, как бы чего́ не вы́шло — he is afraid it might lead to trouble

    II в`ыходить
    сов. от выхаживать I, II

    Новый большой русско-английский словарь > выходить

  • 9 przekra|ść się

    pf — przekra|dać się impf (przekradnę się, przekradniesz się, przekradł się, przekradła się, przekradli się — przekradam się) v refl. to sneak through
    - jak ci się udało przekraść na strych/do parku? how did you manage to sneak up to the attic/out into the park?
    - przekradali się lasami/przez góry w kierunku granicy they sneaked through forests/mountains towards the frontier
    - promienie słońca przekradły się przez żaluzje sunrays shone through the blinds

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > przekra|ść się

  • 10 मर्यादा _maryādā

    मर्यादा [मर्यायां सीमायां दीयते दा-घञर्थे क]
    1 A limit, boundary (fig. also); bound, border, frontier, verge; मर्यादाव्यतिक्रमः Pt.1.
    -2 End, termination, terminus.
    -3 A shore, bank.
    -4 A mark, land-mark.
    -5 The bounds of morality, any fixed usage or established rule, moral law; मर्यादानां च लोकस्य कर्ता कारयिता च सः Rām.5. 35.11.
    -6 A rule of propriety or decorum, bounds or limits of propriety, propriety of conduct; आस्तातापवाद- भिन्नमर्याद U.5; मर्यादायाममर्यादाः स्त्रियस्तिष्ठन्ति सर्वदा Pt.1.142.
    -7 A contract, covenant, an agreement; गृह्यतां पाणिना पाणिर्मर्यादा बध्यतां ध्रुवा Rām.4.5.11.
    -Comp. -अचलः, -गिरिः, -पर्वतः a frontier-mountain.
    -धावनम् running towards a mark.
    -बन्धः keeping within limits; Buddh.
    -भेदकः a destroyer of land-marks; मर्यादाभेदकश्चैव विकृतं प्राप्नुयाद्वधम् Ms.9.291.
    -वचनम् statement of the limit; P.III.3.136.
    -व्यतिक्रमः overstepping limits.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > मर्यादा _maryādā

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